渝东南极端高温干旱对‘长林’系列油茶生长及果实性状的影响  

Effects of Extreme High Temperature and Drought on Growth and Fruit Characters of‘Changlin’Series of Camellia oleifera in Southeast of Chongqing

作　　者：曾清苹 晏巧[1] 李彬[1] 李果[1] 耿养会[1] 吴念 陈安民 彭川 周飞[1] 娄利华[1] ZENG Qingping;YAN Qiao;LI Bin;LI Guo;GENG Yanghui;WU Nian;CHEN Anmin;PENG Chuan;ZHOU Fei;LOU Lihua(Chongqing Forestry Research Institute,Chongqing 400036;Chongqing Xiushan County Forestry Bureau,Chongqing 409900)

机构地区：[1]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆400036 [2]重庆市秀山县林业局,重庆409900

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第4期39-44,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林重大专项项目“重庆油茶产业绿色发展技术创新与示范”(ZD2022-1);重庆市科技兴林项目“油茶良种选育与高产技术集成示范”(渝林科研2020-5)。

摘　　要：调查渝东南地区2022年夏季极端高温干旱复合因素对‘长林3号’、‘长林4号’、‘长林40号’及‘长林53号’油茶生长及果实性状的影响,以期为‘长林’系列油茶选育和推广提供理论依据。结果表明,高温干旱影响油茶植株生长,抑制茶果纵径、横径生长,降低油茶鲜出籽率,减少单果质量和单株产果量。在高温、干旱双重逆境胁迫下,苗木和成林以‘长林53号’抗旱能力最强,果实经济性状(单果质量、纵径、横径、籽质量、鲜出籽率及单株鲜果产量)表现最好;幼林以‘长林3号’抗旱能力最强,果实茶籽数量最多。综上所述,‘长林53号’在极端高温干旱情况下,生长发育和性状表现较好,抵御高温干旱胁迫能力突出,建议作为该区域的优良品种进行培育、推广。The effects of composite factors of extreme high temperature and drought on the growth and fruit characters of Camellia oleifera‘Changlin 3’,C.oleifera‘Changlin 4’,C.oleifera‘Changlin 40’and C.oleifera‘Changlin 53’in southeastern Chongqing were investigated in 2022,which provided a theoretical basis for the selection and promotion of‘Changlin’series of C.oleifera.The results showed that high temperature and drought influenced the growth of C.oleifera,inhibited the longitudinal and transverse diameter growth of the fruit of C.oleifera,reduced the fresh seed yield,and decreased the weight and yield per plant of the fruit.Under the influence of high temperature and drought,C.oleifera‘Changlin 53’had the best drought resistance and the best performance of fruit economic traits(single fruit weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,seed weight,fresh seed yield and fresh fruit yield per plant);C.oleifera‘Changlin 3’had the strongest drought resistance and the largest number of fruit tea seeds.In conclusion,C.oleifera‘Changlin 53’has good growth and character performance and outstanding ability to resist high temperature and drought stress under the condition of large climate variation,which can be cultivated and promoted as an excellent variety.

关 键 词：极端高温干旱 ‘长林’系列 油茶 生长 果实性状 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]