海南岛周邻新生代沉积盆地构造与差异性演化特征  

Tectonics and discrepant evolution of Cenozoic sedimentary basins adjacent Hainan Island

作　　者：吴时国 鲁向阳 李刚[3] 龙根元[4] WU Shiguo;LU Xiangyang;LI Gang;LONG Genyuan(Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering,China Academy of Science,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China;South Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai,Guangdong 519000,China;NEPU Sanya Offshore Oil&Gas Research Institute,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China;Marine Geological Institute of Hainan Province,Hainan Geological Bureau,Haikou,Hainan 570000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海底资源与探测技术重点实验室,中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所,海南三亚572000 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519000 [3]东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院,海南三亚572025 [4]海南省地质局海南省海洋地质调查研究院,海南海口570000

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第1期16-30,共15页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(编号U22A20581);海南省院士创新平台科研专项(编号YSPTZX202204);中国地质调查项目(编号D D20230414)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：海南岛周邻发育有4个重要的新生代沉积盆地,即莺歌海盆地、北部湾盆地、琼东南盆地和珠江口盆地珠三凹陷。根据最新的地球物理数据,重新厘定这些盆地的构造与沉积演化及其与海南岛陆上构造的关联。这些盆地发育NE和NW向断裂构造,但存在极大差异性。前者受红河哀牢山断裂构造影响,表现为张扭性的拉分盆地。而后三个盆地则总体表现为裂陷盆地,夹于江绍-博白断裂与丽水-南澳断裂南段之间。伸展始于古新世,具有四次裂陷作用,并发育NW向走滑伸展断层。晚期岩浆对沉积盆地具有一定改造作用,表现岩浆喷发、热流值高。我们厘定了这些NE向断裂在海南岛延伸,滨海断裂可能延至海南岛东南缘,并表现出明显的地震活动性,推断海南岛新生代构造演化与南海北部陆缘演化具有一致性。The four Cenozoic sedimentary basins adjacent to Hainan Island have undergone significant development.These basins include Yingehai basin,Beibuwan basin,Qiongdongnan basin,and ZhuⅢsag of the Zhujiangkou basin.Based on the latest geophysical data,we have redefined the structure and evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins,as well as their relation to Hainan's onshore geological structures.The basins have well-developed NE and NW structures,but significant differences exist between them.The former NW-trending Yinggehai basin,influenced by the Red River fault,is characterized by tension and compressive torsion,resembling a pull-apart basin.On the other hand,the NE basins,located in the southern part of the continental margin of South China,are sandwiched between the Jiangshao-Bobai Faults and the southern Lishui-Nanao faults.The evolution of the Baisha basin is consistent with the Mesozoic basin in the continental margin of South China.The extensionalprocesses began in the Late Cretaceous,resulting in four instances of rifting.Subsequent magma activity led to the reconstruction of the sedimentary basin,exhibiting magma eruptions and high heat flow values.This tectonic distribution is extremely incompatible with the surrounding basins.Theoffshore fracture could extend to the southernmost region,showing obvious seismic activity.We infer that the tectonics of Hainan Island exhibit consistency with the northern South China Sea margin.

关 键 词：构造演化 拉分盆地 裂陷盆地 地层层序 南海 

分 类 号：P534.6[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P512.2[天文地球—地质学] P542