清帝东巡盛京与满洲“根本之地”的政治文化构建  

On the Political and Cultural Construction of the Qing Emperors’ Eastern Inspection Tour to Shengjing and the “Fundamental Place” of Manchuria

作　　者：何永智 HE Yong-zhi(School of History and Culture,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学历史文化学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期166-176,共11页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究专项重大项目“新时代推进中华民族共同体建设的理论基础与实践路径研究”(项目编号:22VMZ002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：盛京为清朝“根本重地”,有清一代康乾嘉道四帝先后十次东巡盛京。清朝统治者借助东巡典礼打造“追崇我朝隆兴之本”的文化盛典,通过家国同构凝聚政治认同,宣扬“敬天法祖”与“圣孝”的政治理念。谒陵东巡过程中的一系列仪式操演背后,蕴含着清帝主导国家礼制建构、营造神圣空间与诠释政权合法性的现实投射。而诸如赐奠开国勋旧、抚驭蒙古诸部、校阅八旗官兵演武骑射等政治实践,则表明东巡不仅仅停留在仪制层面,同时具有清帝公开宣教,并将国家“大一统”意识形态与政治文化图景推向广大臣民的强大力量。Shengjing was the fundamental place of the Qing Dynasty.The four Qing emperors of Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiajing and Daoguang have made some ten inspection tours to Shengjing in history.With the help of the eastern tour ceremony,the rulers of the Qing Dynasty created a cultural grand ceremony of “worshiping the foundation of the dynasties' prosperity”,so as to promote the political identity of integration of the nation with home,and advocate the political concept of “worshiping the ancestors” and “holy filial piety”.A series of ceremonies also contain the purpose of leading the national ritual system,creating a sacred space,and interpreting the legitimacy of the regime.Moreover,the practice of paying homage to meritorious officials,pacifying and controlling the Mongolian clans and reviewing the Eight Banner troops indicates that the eastern tour not only focuses on ritual activities,but also has a powerful force to publicly preach and promote the unification ideology.

关 键 词：清帝 盛京 东巡 政治文化 大一统 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]