促生菌种组合提高玉米根际土壤有益微生物基因丰度及促生效应研究  

Combination of microbial strains and the promotion effect on beneficial soil microbial genes and maize growth

作　　者：张文丽 万雨欣 徐伟慧[1] 王志刚[1] 陈文晶 胡云龙[1] ZHANG Wen-li;WAN Yu-xin;XU Wei-hui;WANG Zhi-gang;CHEN Wen-jing;HU Yun-long(College of Life Science and Agroforestry,University of Qiqihar/Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization/Heilongjiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agrobiological Preparation Industrialization,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院/黑龙江省农业微生物制剂产业化技术创新中心/黑龙江省农用生物制剂产业化协同创新中心,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第2期394-405,共12页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目(JQ2023D001);黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21B007)。

摘　　要：【目的】微生物肥料一般需要采用复合菌种提高有益菌在作物根际的定殖和促生效果。我们对本实验室前期分离鉴定的26个具有不同功能的玉米根际菌株进行复配,并研究复合菌株在土壤中的有益作用及其促生效果。【方法】按照功能共构建了4组合成菌群:C1,将铁载体分泌量最高的解磷菌、解钾菌、自生固氮菌、联合固氮菌各1株进行组合;C2,将吲哚乙酸(IAA)分泌量最高的解磷菌、解钾菌、自生固氮菌、联合固氮菌各1株进行组合;C3,每个菌属选择1株综合促生能力最强的菌株进行组合;C4,由C1与C2所有菌株组合。用以上4组菌群在灭菌土壤和未灭菌土壤上分别进行玉米接种菌剂和土壤浇灌菌剂盆栽试验,包括无菌剂对照在内共10个处理,灭菌土壤处理分别记为MCK、MC1、MC2、MC3、MC4,未灭菌土壤处理分别记为WCK、WC1、WC2、WC3和WC4。玉米接菌试验是将初生胚根长1~2 cm的玉米种子浸泡在菌群悬浮液中1 h,然后种植在灭菌土壤和未灭菌土壤中,9天后测定株高、鲜重、根长、根尖数和分叉数。土壤浇灌试验采用种子发芽方法,将种子播在灭菌和未灭菌土壤中,每5天浇灌1次菌悬液,待玉米生长15天后,收集玉米根际土壤用于宏基因组学测序,揭示菌群对玉米根际微生物的影响及其促生机制。【结果】4个复合菌剂相比,C4表现出最好的综合促生能力。玉米接种C4后,幼苗株高、地上鲜重、根鲜重、根长、根尖数和分叉数在灭菌组中分别比对照提高了28.97%、46.00%、59.99%、61.99%、62.27%和46.70%,在未灭菌组中分别提高了27.49%、25.86%、50.13%、40.11%、62.26%和82.55%。复合菌群C4提高了根际土壤中有益菌属Pseudomonas、Klebsiella、Duganella、Cellvibrio、Pantoea、Pseudoxanthomonas的丰度,在浇灌菌群C4的玉米根际土壤中,有益菌属Enterobacter和Klebsiella的注释丰度与对照组相比显著提高。菌群C4提高了根际土壤【Objective】Biofertilizers containing composite strains are generally more effective to improve the colonization of beneficial bacteria in crop rhizosphere.We identified 26 strains in maize rhizosphere with different functions in our laboratory and constructed four composite strains.In this research,we investigated their effects in assembling beneficial genus in rhizosphere soil and growth-promotion on crops.【Methods】The 26 strains belong to four functional groups:phosphate solubilizing bacteria,potassium solubilizing bacteria,autochthonous nitrogen-fixing bacteria and combined nitrogen-fixing bacteria.The composite microbial agents(SynComs)were constructed by combining one strain from each of the four functioanl groups.C1 contains the four strains with the highest secretion of iron carriers;C2 contains the four strains with the highest secretion of indole acetic acid(IAA);C3 contains the four strains with the strongest growth promotion;C4 contains all the strains in C1 and C2.Maize pot experiment was conducted using the four SynComs under sterilized soil(MCK,MC1,MC2,MC3,MC4),and unsterilized soil(WCK,WC1,WC2,WC3,and WC4).Maize seeds with primary radicle length of 1−2 cm were soaked in the suspension of SymComs for 1 h,and then planted in sterilized and unsterilized soil.After 9 days,the seedlings were harvested for the measurement of plant height,fresh weight,root length,number of root tips and number of forks.The same maize seeds were planted in sterilized and unsterilized soils,and watered with the composite strain suspension every 5 days.And the maize was harvested after 15 days growth for collecting the rhizosphere soil for metagenomics sequencing.【Results】The SynComs C4 exhibited the best integrative ability among the four SynComs.Compared with the corresponding CK,C4 significantly promoted plant height,aboveground fresh weight,root fresh weight,root length,number of root tips and number of forks of maize seedlings by 28.97%,46.00%,59.99%,61.99%,62.27%,and 46.70%in sterilized group,and by 27.49

关 键 词：生物肥料 促生机制 植物根际促生菌 合成菌群 玉米 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S154.3