PDCoV感染对仔猪全身免疫器官的影响  

Pathological damage of immune system in piglets infected with porcine deltacoronavirus

作　　者：左百姣 贺叶青 李庆豪 孙娟 金鑫 夏璐 魏战勇[1,2] ZUO Baijiao;HE Yeqing;LI Qinghao;SUN Juan;JIN Xin;XIA Lu;WEI Zhanyong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Key Laboratory for Animal-derived Food Safety of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省动物性食品安全重点实验室,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2023年第12期2412-2417,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32130106);国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(U22A202210);河南省杰出青年科学基金资助项目(202300410192)。

摘　　要：旨在研究猪δ冠状病毒(porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV)感染对仔猪免疫系统的影响。选取10头5日龄健康仔猪随机分为空白对照组和PDCoV感染组(n=5),PDCoV感染72 h后剖解仔猪,采集仔猪的胸腺、扁桃体、脾脏和淋巴结(颈浅淋巴结、腹股沟淋巴结、髂下淋巴结、下颌淋巴结和肠系膜淋巴结),4%(g/L)的多聚甲醛溶液固定,苏木精-伊红染色观察免疫系统病理变化,免疫组织化学检测病毒分布。苏木精-伊红染色结果显示,PDCoV感染仔猪后脾和淋巴结都出现了明显的病理损伤。脾小梁增生;红髓增多,红髓和白髓界线不清、分布铁黄素颗粒;白髓萎缩,脾小结减少,淋巴细胞减少。淋巴结局部组织出现毛细血管充血或轻微出血,皮质和髓质界线不清,淋巴小结体积增大,数量增多,生发中心明显变大。免疫组织化学结果显示,仔猪肠系膜淋巴结有大量病毒分布,下颌淋巴结存在少量病毒,其余免疫组织无病毒分布。上述结果说明,PDCoV感染后可引起仔猪免疫器官产生病理损伤,降低仔猪的免疫功能,这为深入了解PDCoV致病机制和临床防控提供了理论依据。To study the effects of porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)infection on the immune system of piglets,ten healthy piglets aged 5 days were randomly divided into blank control group and PDCoV infection group(n=5).The piglets were euthanized and dissected in 72 h post PDCoV infection.The thymus,tonsils,spleen and lymph nodes(superficial cervical lymph nodes,inguinal lymph nodes,subiliac lymph nodes,mandibular lymph nodes and mesenteric lymph nodes)were collected,fixed in 4%(g/L)paraformaldehyde solution,and stained using hematoxylin-eosin(HE)for the examination of the pathological changes of the immune system.Virus distribution also was detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The results of HE staining showed that both the spleen and lymph nodes of PDCoV-infected piglets showed obvious pathological damage.The splenic nodules were decreased with the indistinct boundary between red and white marrow.Capillary hyperemia or slight bleeding were observed in lymphatic tissues with the unclear boundary between cortex and medulla.The lymph nodes increased in volume and number with the markedly enlarged germinal center.The ferritin granules were distributed in cortical medullary junction.IHC results showed a large amounts of virus antigens distribution in mesenteric lymph nodes,less virus antigens distribution in mandibular lymph nodes,and no virus distribution in the rest of immune tissues.The above results indicate that PDCoV infection can cause pathological damage to the immune organs and reduce the immune function,which provides the basis for understanding the pathogenic mechanism and clinical treatment of PDCoV.

关 键 词：猪δ冠状病毒 感染 仔猪 免疫系统 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]