儿童免疫规划乙型肝炎疫苗接种率调查及血清学研究  

Investigation and serological study on vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine in childhood immunization program

作　　者：杨贺晴 李蕾 刘建平 Yang Heqing;Li Lei;Liu Jianping(Tianjin Teda Hospital,Tianjin 300457,China;Community Health Service Center,Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市泰达医院,天津300457 [2]天津经济技术开发区社区卫生服务中心,天津300450

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2024年第6期82-84,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析天津市泰达医院儿童免疫规划乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)血清学标志物检查结果.方法抽取2020年6月-2023年6月于天津市泰达医院行乙型肝炎疫苗接种的小儿共计100例,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测儿童乙型肝炎血清学标志物(乙肝5项),分析检测结果.结果①HBV指标阳性率:100例儿童中,HBsAg阳性率为4.00%(4/100);②标志物组合情况:HBsAb单项阳性患者例数占比最多,为65.00%(65/100);其次是五项指标为阴性,占比27.00%(27/100),这类人群属于HBV的易感人群.其他的组合人数则比较少;③HBV指标全阴儿童分层情况:共有27例,从4-5岁年龄组开始,小儿的HBsAb(+)情况呈现出<60%的态势;而HBsAb(-)占比>40%;④不同性别小儿HBsAg(+)及HBsAg(-)比较,差异不显著(P>0.05).结论针对即使是全程接种HBV疫苗,仍有部分儿童不能产生保护性抗体的情况,需对3-4岁的儿童强化HBsAb检测,降低其感染HBV的风险.Objective To analyze the results of serological markers of hepatitis B virus(HBV)in children immunization program of Tianjin Teda Hospital.Methods A total of 100 children who received hepatitis B vaccine in Tianjin Teda Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected.Serological markers of hepatitis B in children(5 items of hepatitis B)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Analyze the test results.Results①The positive rate of HBV index was 4.00%(4/100)in 100 children.②Marker combination:The number of HBsAb single positive patients accounted for the largest proportion,65.00%(65/100);followed by five indicators negative,27.00%(27/100),this group of people belong to HBV susceptible population.Other groups are smaller;③Stratification of children with HBV indicators in the whole negative:There were 27 cases,and the HBsAb(+)of children showed a trend of<60%from 4-5 years old;HBsAb(-)accounted for more than 40%;④The comparison of HBsAg(+)and HBsAg(-)in children of different genders(P>0.05).Conclusion Some children cannot produce protective antibodies even after full HBV vaccination,and intensive HBsAb detection is needed for children aged 3-4 years to reduce the risk of HBV infection.

关 键 词：天津市 儿童 乙肝表面抗原 乙肝表面抗体 免疫应答 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]