秸秆还田及磷细菌对土壤微生态及豆角产量的影响  

Effects of Returned Straw to the Field and Phosphorus Bacteria on Soil Microecology and Green Bean Yield

作　　者：孙翠焕[1] 郭玲玲[1] 陈丽媛[1] 陈杰[1] 赵博伦 王智学[1] SUN Cui-huan;GUO Ling-ling;CHEN Li-yuan;CHEN Jie;ZHAO Bo-lun;WANG Zhi-xue(Liaoning Acad.of Microbiol.Sci.,Chaoyang 122000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省微生物科学研究院,辽宁朝阳122000

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2024年第1期84-89,共6页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2022JH2/101300165);“兴辽英才计划”青年拔尖人才项目(XLYC2203181);辽宁省科协中小微企业扶持计划项目(2022)。

摘　　要：为研究秸秆还田及外源添加磷细菌对土壤微生态及农作物产量的影响,以玉米秸秆和具有解磷能力的恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)为研究对象,通过在设施大棚中栽培豆角,研究了不同处理对土壤和豆角根际解磷类细菌数量、土壤有效磷含量、解磷能力以及豆角产量的影响。研究结果显示,玉米秸秆(处理1)、玉米秸秆+磷细菌(处理2)、磷细菌(处理3)三个处理的土壤中解磷类细菌数量有较大差异,其中处理2数量最高,比对照区高31.89%,差异显著(P<0.05);三个处理均能明显增加豆角根际解磷类细菌数量,差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),其中处理2最高,比对照高86.30%,差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);三个处理土壤有效磷含量均明显高于对照,差异显著(P<0.05),其中处理2最高,比对照高9.8%;三个处理土壤解磷能力差异较大,处理1和处理2可明显提高土壤解磷能力,分别比对照高50.2%和65.2%,差异极显著(P<0.01);三个处理对豆角均有增产效果,但差异较大,处理2比处理1、处理3产量增加明显,分别增产6.8%、10.3%,差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);处理2比对照增产15.5%,差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。研究结果表明,玉米秸秆配合外源添加磷细菌恶臭假单胞菌,较单一使用玉米秸秆和磷细菌可显著增加土壤及豆角根际解磷类细菌数量、增加土壤有效磷含量、提高土壤解磷能力、促进豆角增产,说明玉米秸秆和磷细菌有相互促进作用。本研究可为秸秆还田和磷细菌田间施用方法的研究和应用提供参考。The effects of returned straw and exogenous additional phosphorus bacteria on soil microecology and crop yield were studied,corn straw and stinky pseudomonas(Pseudomonas putida)with phosphorus solubilizing ability were used as research objects.By cultivating green beans in greenhouse facilities,the effects of different treatments on the number of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria,soil available phosphorus content,phosphorus solubilizing ability,and green bean yield in soil and rhizosphere were studied.The research results showed that there were significant differ⁃ences in the number of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in the soil of three treatments:corn straw(treatment 1),corn straw+phosphorus bacteria(treatment 2),and phosphorus bacteria(treatment 3).Among them,treatment 2 had the highest number,with 31.89%higher than the control area,and the difference reached significantly(P<0.05).All three treatments could significantly increase the number of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere of soybean,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Among them,treatment 2 was the highest,86.30%higher than the control,and the difference reached an extremely significant level(P<0.01);The effective phosphorus content in the soil of the three treatments was significantly higher than that of the control,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Among them,treatment 2 had the highest content,which was 9.8%higher than the control;There is a significant difference in soil phosphorus solubilization ability among the three treatments.Treatment 1 and Treatment 2 can signif⁃icantly improve soil phosphorus solubilization ability,which are 50.2%and 65.2%higher than the control,respec⁃tively,with extremely significant differences(P<0.01);all three treatments had a significant increase in yield of green beans,but the difference was significant.Treatment 2 showed a significant increase in yield compared to Treat⁃ment 1 and Treatment 3,with an increase of 6.8%and 10.3%,respectively,and the difference reached a significant level(P<

关 键 词：秸秆 磷细菌 恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida) 土壤微生态 有效磷 解磷能力 豆角产量 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]