猕猴桃采后真菌病害生物防治研究进展  

Advances in Biocontrol of Kiwifruit Postharvest Phytopathogens

作　　者：潘慧[1] 龙超安[2] 钱国良[3] 李黎[1] 钟彩虹[1] PAN Hui;LONG Chao-an;QIAN Guo-liang;LI Li;ZHONG Cai-hong(Key Lab.of Plant Germplasm Enhance.&Spec.Agric.,Engin.Lab.for Kiwifruit Indust.Tech.,Wuhan Botan.Garden,Chinese Acad.of Sci.,Wuhan 430074;Coll.of Horticul.&Forest.Sci.,Huazhong Agric.Uni.,Wuhan 430070;Coll.of Plant Protect.,Nanjing Agric.Uni.,Nanjing 210095)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园中国科学院植物种质创新与特色农业重点实验室中国科学院猕猴桃产业技术工程实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]南京农业大学植物保护学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2024年第1期100-106,共7页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32272506);中国科学院科技扶贫项目(KFJ-FP-202101);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0076);长江猕猴桃产业技术研究项目(CJZX20210102)。

摘　　要：猕猴桃果实易受多种病原真菌的侵染,采后易发生软腐病、灰霉病、青霉病等严重危害果实品质的真菌性病害。传统的有效防治方法主要为采前使用化学杀菌剂,但其易污染环境并可能危害人类健康。目前,已有一系列生物防治方法被研究并报道,这些方法可有效防控猕猴桃采后真菌病害:第一类为天然抑菌物质,包括植物提取物和其他天然物质;第二类为拮抗微生物,包括生防酵母、生防细菌、生防木霉,生防菌也能与物理及化学方法协同发挥作用。本文概述了各类生物防治方法在猕猴桃采后真菌病害绿色防控方面的研究进展及生防机理,并提出了目前存在的问题,最后展望了这一领域今后的研究方向。Kiwifruit is susceptible to various fungal pathogens,resulting in soft rot,gray mold,blue mold which seri⁃ously impact the quality of kiwifruit.Effective traditional control methods are mainly chemical fungicides before har⁃vest,which may easily pollute the environment and endanger human health.Currently,a series of biological control methods had been researched and reported to be effective in controlling postharvest diseases of kiwifruit.One kind is natural antifungal substances,including plant extracts and other natural substances;another kind is microbial antago⁃nists,including biocontrol yeast,biocontrol bacteria,biocontrol Trichoderma,and biocontrol agents can also be opera⁃ted with physical and chemical methods.This review summarized the advances in biological control mechanism of vari⁃ous biological control methods in the green control of kiwifruit postharvest fungal diseases,stated the existing prob⁃lems,finally prospected future research outlook in this field.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 生物防治 软腐病 灰霉病 青霉病 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]