2020年卓尼县集中式供水水质及影响因素分析  

Analysis of quality of drinking water from centralized water supplies and influencing factors in Zhuoni county,2020

作　　者：牛乐宇[1] 李盛 王金玉[3] NIU Le-yu;LI Sheng;WANG Jin-yu(Lanzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州市疾病预防控制中心,兰州730030 [2]兰州市肺科医院,兰州730046 [3]兰州大学基础医学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2024年第1期57-59,64,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省甘南藏族自治州卓尼县城乡饮用水水质现状并分析影响因素,为保障居民饮水安全提供科学依据。方法2020年采集卓尼县94份城乡集中式供水水样,检测4项微生物指标、11项毒理学指标、18项感官性状和一般化学指标,分析水质现状及影响因素。结果94份水样合格率为56.4%,所有水样均未消毒;89.4%(84/94)的水样无任何处理,10.6%(10/94)的水样仅沉淀过滤。水样不合格指标主要为总大肠菌群、菌落总数、氟化物、pH、硫酸盐、溶解性总固体、总硬度,合格率为63.8%~95.7%,以总大肠菌群合格率最低63.8%。水样总合格率和总大肠菌群合格率枯水期分别为71.1%和75.6%,高于丰水期的总合格率42.9%(χ^(2)=7.614)和总大肠菌群合格率53.1%(χ^(2)=5.141),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卓尼县城乡集中式供水水质欠佳,尤其在丰水期;微生物污染是水质不合格的主要影响因素,其次为地质因素;需加强饮用水消毒、软化措施。Objective To understand the quality of drinking water and analyze the influencing factors in Zhuoni county,and provide scientific basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water of residents.Methods In 2020,94 water samples were collected from centralized water supplies in urban and rural area of Zhuoni county.The indicators of 4 microbial indicators,11 toxicological indicators,18 sensory characteristics and general chemical indicators were detected in the water samples.Results The qualified rate of 94 water samples was 56.4%.No water samples were disinfected,89.4%of samples(84/94)were not treated,and 10.6%of samples(10/94)were only precipitated and filtered.Unqualified indicators of water samples were mainly the total coliform,total number of colonies,fluoride,pH,sulfate,total dissolved solids and total hardness.The qualified rates were from 63.8%to 95.7%,and the qualified rate of total coliform was the lowest(63.8%).The total qualified rate of water and total coliform in dry season was 71.1%(χ^(2)=7.614)and 75.6%(χ^(2)=5.141),respectively,and was higher than both(42.9%and 53.1%)in wet period,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusions The quality of water from centralized water supplies is poor in urban and rural area of Zhuoni county,especially in the wet season.Microbial pollution is the main influencing factor,than followed by geological factors.Drinking water disinfection and softening measures need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：水质 集中式供水 末梢水 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]