汉画像石与牛郎织女传说之“鹊桥”关系论析  

The Relationship Between Han Dynasty Stone Relief and the“Magpie Bridge"”in the Tale of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl

作　　者：段湘怀 Duan Xianghuai

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院文学院

出　　处：《艺术与民俗》2023年第4期67-75,共9页Journal of Arts and Folklore

摘　　要：牛郎织女传说中的“鹊桥”之说最迟在东汉晚期已经出现,是“乌鹊桥”的简称。“鹊桥”里的“鹊”最初指的是乌鸦和喜鹊,主要是源于汉画像石上“乌”的图像。汉画像石上的牛郎织女图像往往和西王母、日月同辉等图像系统组合在一起,而无论是西王母图像系统还是日月同辉图像系统,里面都有“乌”的图像,且既有两足乌,也有三足乌。正是这些“乌”图像为“鹊桥”之说的产生提供了灵感动力和逻辑依据。汉画像石图像作者们所处的社会阶层也为“鹊桥”之说的形成提供了日常讲述传播的稳定群体。The"Magpie Bridge"in the tale of Cowherd and Weaver Girl appeared no later than the late Eastern Han Dynasty and was originally a shortened form of the"Crow and Magpie Bridge".In the"Magpie Bridge",the term"magpie"initially referred to crows and magpies,mainly inspired by the"crow"images found on Han Dynasty stone reliefs.In these reliefs,images of the Cowherd and Weaver Girl are often combined with other image systems like the Queen Mother of the West and the sun and moon;both of the latter include"crow"images,including two-legged and threelegged ones.It is these"crow"images that provided the inspiration and logical basis for the concept of the"Magpie Bridge".Moreover,the social status of the stone relief creators in the Han Dynasty provided a stable population for the everyday communication and dissemination of the"Magpie Bridge".

关 键 词：牛郎织女 “鹊桥” 汉画像石 

分 类 号：J229[艺术—美术]