场地微气候对红花石蒜开花物候的影响  

Effect of site microclimate on flowering of Lycoris radiata

作　　者：萨日娜 温婷 魏绪英[2] 张瑶 蔡军火[1] Sa Rina;Wen Ting;Wei Xuying;Zhang Yao;Cai Junhuo(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China;College of Art,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang Jiangxi 330032,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西财经大学艺术学院,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2024年第1期5-10,共6页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31960327);江西省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:20202BABL205004);江西省花卉产业技术体系(项目编号:JXARS-17)。

摘　　要：为了解石蒜属植物开花与环境因子之间的关系,本文以红花石蒜为研究对象,采用微气候监测和定株物候观察法,调查了林下和露地两种不同微气候场地栽培的红花石蒜开花物候。结果表明:(1)林下栽培场地的最高气温、最高土壤温度、平均温差和湿度差均低于露地栽培场地。(2)红花石蒜的群体花期为15~20 d,其中,林下栽培场地的群体花期早且相对集中(16 d),露地栽培场地群体花期较晚且持续时间略长(19 d)。林下栽培场地的开花时期较露地栽培场地早60 d左右,出莛期、始花期和盛花期分别早52 d、61 d、61 d。(3)主成分分析表明,温度(依次为平均最高气温、平均最高土温、昼夜空气温差)对红花石蒜的开花影响最大,其次为空气湿度(月均空气湿差)。红花石蒜的开花物候与环境因子(温度、湿度)密切相关,在实际生产中可考虑综合采用夏季适当降温和增湿的措施促进提前开花和提高开花整齐度。In order to understand the relationship between flowering and environmental factors,this paper used microclimate monitoring and phenology observation to investigate the flowering phenology of understory and open field with Lycoris radiata.The results showed that:(1)The highest air temperature,the highest soil temperature,the average temperature difference and the humidity difference of the understory cultivation site were all lower than that of the open-field cultivation site.(2)The flowering period of L.radiata was 15~20 d,among which,the flowering period of understory cultivation field was early and relatively concentrated(16 d),and the flowering period of open field cultivation field is late and slightly longer(19 d).The flowering period of the understory cultivation site was about 60 d earlier than that of the open cultivation site,and the emergence stage,the beginning flowering stage and the full flowering period were 52 d,61 d and 61 d earlier respectively.(3)Principal component analysis showed that the temperature(the highest temperature,soil temperature and average temperature difference)had the greatest influence on the flowering of L.radiata,followed by air humidity(monthly average air humidity and humidity difference).The flowering phenology of L.radiata was closely related to environmental factors(temperature and humidity).In the actual production,appropriate cooling and humidification measures in summer can be considered to promote early flowering and improve flowering uniformity.

关 键 词：红花石蒜 开花 物候 微气候 温度 湿度 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学] S682.29