电偶极子电场的数值分析  

Numerical Analysis of Electric Field Produced by an Electric Dipole

作　　者：郑世燕[1] 施妍汐 谢超俊 漆昌祥 Zheng Shiyan;Shi Yanxi;Xie Chaojun;Qi Changxiang(Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期54-57,91,共5页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：泉州师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310399072);泉州师范学院博士科研启动经费(H21014);福建省科技计划项目自然科学基金(2022J011103)。

摘　　要：应用电场及电势叠加原理求解电偶极子周围空间电场的解析解,并在此基础上验证电偶极子延长线以及中垂线上的电场强度与已有结论是否一致。基于Matlab软件对其进行数值分析,通过控制变量法比较不同r、θ情况下的电场分布。结果表明:电场强度E随着距离r的增大而减小,随着θ的变化存在一极小值。在电偶极子中垂线上的电场最弱,而延长线的电场最强。此法能较直观地帮助学习者理解和掌握电偶极子电场的相关知识点。The analytical solution of the electric field around an electric dipole is obtained by using the superposition principle of electric field and potential,and the electric field intensity on the extended line and the perpendicular bisector of the electric dipole is verified to be consistent with the conclusions in the existing textbooks and literatures.Furthermore,the numerical analysis is carried out based on Matlab software,and the electric field distribution under different r、θis compared through the control variable method.The numerical results show that the electric field intensity E decreases with the increase of the distance r,and there is a minimum value with the change ofθ.In particular,the electric field is the weakest on the perpendicular to the electric dipole,and the electric field is the strongest on the extension.This method can help learners to understand and master the relevant knowledge of electric field of electric dipole more intuitively.

关 键 词：电偶极子 叠加原理 电场强度 MATLAB 

分 类 号：O441[理学—电磁学]