论中国反制裁法律工具的完善——以俄罗斯反制裁措施为视角  

Completion of Anti-Sanction Legal Instruments of China——From the Perspective of Russia’s Anti-Sanction Experience

作　　者：刘思海 Liu Sihai(Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China)

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院中国南方金融法治研究院,广东广州510521

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期68-75,共8页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD207)。

摘　　要：俄罗斯针对西方密集制裁出台了一系列反制裁法律法规,并产生一定的反制效果。鉴于俄罗斯反制裁经验,在国内法层面,中国应完善以《反外国制裁法》为核心的反制裁配套法规,出台突显自身贸易优势的反制裁行政法规以及实施针对重点目标的反制裁措施。俄罗斯反制裁措施以国内反制裁措施为主,缺乏国际反制裁手段。为全面维护国家利益,中国还需合理、及时地运用国际反制裁法律工具。鉴于西方对华制裁以经济制裁为主,中国可通过WTO争端解决机制,援引《保障措施协定》第8条第2款、《建立世界贸易组织协定》第9条第3款“例外情形”、GATT 1994第21条安全例外条款以及《国家对国际不法行为的责任条款草案》反措施规定,以证明对西方实施反制裁的正当性。A new Russian legal framework for blocking sanctions of the West is undertaken,and is actually working.Based on the countersanction experience of Russia,China needs to perfect supporting administrative regulations,promulgate anti-foreign sanctions decrees highlighting comparison of trade advantage and adopt countersanctions aiming at a specific target.Russia seldom takes advantage of countersanctions at the international level.However,it is necessary for China to use countersanctions at the international level.The escalated sanctions of the West on China are mostly economic sanctions at present.Once those economic sanctions violate WTO agreements,China can hit back with WTO dispute to prove the legitimacy of anti-sanctions by citing article 8.2 of the Agreement on Safeguards,article 9.3 of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization,article 21 of GATT 1994 or regulations of countermeasures of the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts.

关 键 词：制裁 反制裁 反制裁法律工具 

分 类 号：D996.2[政治法律—经济法学]