饲粮中添加甜菜碱和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、血清生化和抗氧化指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Betaine and Epigallocatechin Gallate on Growth Performance,Meat Quality,Serum Biochemical and Antioxidant Indices of Finishing Pigs

作　　者：陈雨诗 刘禹熙 杨童寓丹 王新霞 CHEN Yushi;LIU Yuxi;YANG Tongyudan;WANG Xinxia(Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition(Zhejiang University),Ministry of Education,College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江大学动物分子营养教育部重点实验室,农业农村部(华东)动物营养与饲料重点实验室,浙江省饲料与动物营养重点实验室,杭州310058

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第3期1525-1536,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(32330098);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金(U21A20249);浙江省“高层次人才特殊支持计划”科技创新领军人才项目(2022R52023)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加甜菜碱和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、血清生化和抗氧化指标的影响。选取81头平均体重为90.03 kg的育肥期“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复9头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组在基础饲粮中添加2500 mg/kg的甜菜碱,试验Ⅱ组在基础饲粮中添加2500 mg/kg的甜菜碱和1000 mg/kg的EGCG。预试期5 d,正试期40 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的平均日采食量均显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的背膘厚和背最长肌24 h滴水损失均显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组的背最长肌肌内脂肪含量显著升高(P<0.05)。3)各组之间背最长肌氨基酸含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的背最长肌二十二碳酸含量均显著降低(P<0.05);各组之间背最长肌其他脂肪酸含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组的背最长肌肌球蛋白重链Ⅱb(MyHCⅡb)的mRNA相对表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),背最长肌肌球蛋白重链Ⅱx(MyHCⅡx)和固醇调控元件结合蛋白1(SERBP1)的mRNA相对表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组的背最长肌肌球蛋白重链Ⅱa(MyHCⅡa)、MyHCⅡx和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)的mRNA相对表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组的血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组的血清总胆固醇和丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05),血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加甜菜碱或甜菜碱和EGCG能提高育肥期“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪的饲料利用率,通过降低背膘厚和滴水损失改善猪肉品质,并提升血清脂质代谢和抗氧化能力;此外,饲粮中添加甜菜碱还能提高肌内脂肪含量�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary betaine and epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)on growth performance,meat quality,serum biochemical and antioxidant indices of finishing pigs.Eightyone“Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine”crossed finishing pigs with an average body weight of 90.03 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 9 pigs per replicate.Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet,pigs in experimental groupⅠwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 2500 mg/kg betaine,and others in experimental groupⅡwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 2500 mg/kg betaine and 1000 mg/kg EGCG.The preexperimental period lasted for 5 days,and the experimental period lasted for 40 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake of experimental groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the backfat thickness and longissimus dorsi 24 h drip loss of experimental groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the longissimus dorsi intramuscular fat content of experimental groupⅠwas significantly increased(P<0.05).3)There were no significant differences in longissimus dorsi amino acid contents among all groups(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the longissimus dorsi docosanoic acid content of experimental groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly decreased(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in longissimus dorsi other fatty acid contents among all groups(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression level of myosin heavy chainⅡb(MyHCⅡb)in longissimus dorsi of experimental groupⅠwas significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression levels of myosin heavy chainⅡx(MyHCⅡx)and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SERBP1)in longissimus dorsi of experimental groupⅠwere significantly increased(P<0.05);the mRNA relative expression levels of myosin heavy chainⅡa(MyHCⅡa),MyHCⅡx and peroxisome proliferatoracti

关 键 词：甜菜碱 表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯 育肥猪 肉品质 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]