桑叶低聚糖对大口黑鲈生长性能以及肠道消化酶活性、免疫功能和菌群的影响  

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activity,Immune Function and Microflora of Largemouth Bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：钟文豪 黎尔纳 李庆荣[1] 邢东旭[1] 杨琼[1] 邹宇晓[1] 廖森泰[1] 周东来 ZHONG Wenhao;LI Erna;LI Qingrong;XING Dongxu;YANG Qiong;ZOU Yuxiao;LIAO Sentai;ZHOU Donglai(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing,Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510610,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Special Aquatic Functional Feed,Foshan 528211,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广州510610 [2]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,湛江524088 [3]广东省特种水产功能饲料工程技术研究中心,佛山528211

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第3期1795-1805,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目(XT202304);国家自然科学基金(32000193);广州市基础与应用基础研究项目(202201010474);广东省农业科学院创新基金项目(202113);广东省科技专项(“大专项+任务清单”)项目-江门市科技计划项目(江科[2021]183号)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲料中添加桑叶低聚糖(MLO)对大口黑鲈生长性能以及肠道消化酶活性、免疫功能和菌群的影响。试验选择平均初始体重为(26.89±1.16)g的大口黑鲈幼鱼450尾,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。对照组饲喂基础饲料,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲料的基础上添加0.5%和1.0%MLO的试验饲料。试验期80 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组大口黑鲈饲料系数(FCR)和脏体比(VSI)显著降低(P<0.05),1.0%MLO组肝体比(HSI)显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组大口黑鲈肠道α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),试验组肠道绒毛高度、绒毛宽度和肌层厚度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验组大口黑鲈肠道菌群Sobs指数、ACE指数和Chao1指数显著降低(P<0.05);0.5%MLO组Simpson指数显著高于对照组和1.0%MLO组(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与对照组相比,试验组大口黑鲈肠道厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),肠道变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteriota)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门值显著提高(P<0.05)。在属水平上,与对照组相比,试验组肠道支原体属(Mycoplasma)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),肠道不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,试验组大口黑鲈肠道白细胞介素-8(IL⁃8)、核因子-κB(NF⁃κB)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF⁃α)mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05),肠道白细胞介素-10(IL⁃10)和转化生长因子-β(TGF⁃β)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加MLO能够降低大口黑鲈FCR、VSI和HSI,提高肠道消化酶活性,并调节肠道菌群,改善肠道益生菌相对丰度,增强其免疫功能。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf oligosaccharides(MLO)supplementation on growth performance,intestinal digestive enzyme activity,immune function and microflora of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).A total of 450 largemouth bass with an average initial body weight of(26.89±1.16)g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 bass per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.5%and 1.0%MLO in the basal diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 80 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the feed coefficient(FCR)and viscerosomatic index(VSI)of largemouth bass in experimental groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the hepatosomatic index(HSI)in 1.0%MLO group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the intestinalαamylase,lipase and trypsin activities of largemouth bass in experimental groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in intestinal villus height,villus width and muscular thickness in experimental groups(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the Sobs index,ACE index and Chao1 index of intestinal microflora of largemouth bass in experimental groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the Simpson index in 0.5%MLO group was significantly higher than that in the control group and 1.0%MLO group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,compared with the control group,the Firmicutes relative abundance in intestinal microflora of largemouth bass in experimental groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the relative abundances of Proteobacteria,Fusobacteriota and Bacteroidota were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio was significantly increased(P<0.05).At the genus level,compared with the control group,the Mycoplasma relative abundance in intestinal microflora in experimental groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the

关 键 词：桑叶低聚糖 大口黑鲈 生长性能 消化酶活性 免疫功能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]