蒸汽压片对玉米的淀粉特性、养分含量、康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系组分、体外产气参数和分子结构的影响  

Effects of Steam Flaking on Starch Characteristics,Nutrient Contents,Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System Components,in Vitro Gas Production Parameters and Molecular Structure of Corn

作　　者：韩铖星 蔡小芳 杨瑞鑫 郭艳丽[1] HAN Chengxing;CAI Xiaofang;YANG Ruixin;GUO Yanli(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Animal Husbandry Development Center of Fuping,Fuping 711700,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]富平县畜牧发展中心,富平711700

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第3期1964-1976,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860654);甘肃农业大学学科团队项目(GAU⁃XKTD⁃2022⁃20)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究蒸汽压片对玉米的营养特性、体外瘤胃发酵和分子结构的影响。试验采用完全随机设计,分为2个处理,分别为未处理玉米(UC)和蒸汽压片玉米(SFC),每个处理3个重复。测定未处理玉米和蒸汽压片玉米的淀粉特性、养分含量、康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)组分、体外产气参数和分子结构,并对玉米分子结构与CNCPS组分和体外产气参数进行相关分析。结果表明:1)蒸汽压片玉米的淀粉含量、淀粉糊化度、直链淀粉含量及总碳水化合物、中速降解碳水化合物(CB1)、中速降解蛋白(PB2)、慢速降解蛋白(PB3)、不可降解蛋白(PC)含量显著高于未处理玉米(P<0.05),淀粉相对结晶度及粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗蛋白质(CP)、快速降解碳水化合物(CA)、慢速降解碳水化合物(CB2)、非蛋白氮(PA)、快速降解蛋白(PB1)含量低于未处理玉米(P<0.05)。2)蒸汽压片玉米的1~4 h产气量显著高于未处理玉米(P<0.05),而缓慢产气部分(b)和潜在产气量(a+b)显著低于未处理玉米(P<0.05)。3)蒸汽压片玉米的总碳水化合物面积及碳水化合物第3峰高度和面积显著高于未处理玉米(P<0.05),酰胺Ⅰ、酰胺Ⅱ高度和面积及α-螺旋、β-折叠显著低于未处理玉米(P<0.05)。4)玉米中蛋白质分子结构酰胺Ⅰ、酰胺Ⅱ高度和面积以及α-螺旋、β-折叠与CA、PA、PB1含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与CB1、PB2、PC含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,蒸汽压片有利于增加玉米的总碳水化合物面积及碳水化合物第3峰高度和面积,降低蛋白质结构的高度和面积,从而提高碳水化合物含量,促进玉米在瘤胃的前期发酵和养分利用。玉米的分子结构与CNCPS组分及体外产气参数相关。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of steam flaking on the nutritional characteristics,in vitro rumen fermentation and molecular structure of corn.A completely randomized design was adopted,divided into two treatments,which were untreated corn(UC)and steamflaked corn(SFC),each treatment contained 3 replicates.The starch characteristics,nutrient content,Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS)components,in vitro gas production parameters and molecular structure of untreated corn and steamflaked corn were measured,and the correlation of corn molecular structure with CNCPS components and in vitro gas production parameters were analyzed.The results showed as follows:1)the starch content,starch gelatinization degree,amylose content and total carbohydrate,intermediately degraded carbohydrates(CB1),intermediately degraded protein(PB2),slowly degraded protein(PB3),undegradable protein(PC)contents of steamflaked corn were significantly higher than those of untreated corn(P<0.05),and the starch relative crystallinity and ether extract(EE),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),crude protein(CP),rapidly degraded carbohydrates(CA),slowly degraded carbohydrates(CB2),nonprotein nitrogen(PA),rapidly degraded protein(PB1)contents were significantly lower than those of untreated corn(P<0.05).2)The 1 to 4 h gas production of steamflaked corn was significantly higher than that of untreated corn(P<0.05),and the slow gas production(b)and potential gas production(a+b)were significantly lower than those of untreated corn(P<0.05).3)The total carbohydrate area and carbohydrate 3rd peak height and area of steamflaked corn were significantly higher than those of untreated corn(P<0.05),and the amideⅠ,amideⅡarea and height andαhelix,βsheet were significantly lower than those of untreated corn(P<0.05).4)The amideⅠ,amideⅡarea and height andαhelix,βsheet of protein molecular structure in corn were significant positively correlated with the CA,PA and PB1 contents(P<0.05),and significant

关 键 词：蒸汽压片 玉米 CNCPS 体外产气 分子结构 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]