冷热应激对肉牛生理指标及基因表达影响的研究进展  

A Comprehensive Review of the Impact of Cold and Heat Stress on the Physiological Parameters and Gene Expression in Beef Cattle

作　　者：王潇 张昊 栾庆江 李慧 杨鼎 王婷月 田菁 赵濛 陈陆 田如刚 WANG Xiao;ZHANG Hao;LUAN Qingjiang;LI Hui;YANG Ding;WANG Tingyue;TIAN Jing;ZHAO Meng;CHEN Lu;TIAN Rugang(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural&Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第3期894-904,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFYZ0011);内蒙古农牧业青年创新基金项目(2021QNJJM07);内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2023CXJJM01);2023年度国家引才引智示范基地项目“肉牛福利关键技术研究与示范”。

摘　　要：冷热应激可导致肉牛的日增重、饲料转化率等重要指标降低,进而影响到整个产业的生产效率,基于此问题,本文就冷热应激下不同地区、不同品种的肉牛血液内分泌、免疫、抗氧化等生理生化指标变化情况进行了概述,对冷热应激的调控基因和分子机制做了挖掘,并在讨论部分展望了包括改变饲喂方式和基于GWAS的分子育种等增加肉牛冷热应激适应性的可行性方法。本文不但为更好地理解肉牛产业中冷热应激的机制提供了理论依据,还为我国提高冷热应激下肉牛的生产效率提供了育种参考,具有一定的理论和现实意义。Both cold and heat stress can negatively affect the daily gain and feed conversion rate of cattle,which could reduce the production efficiency of the beef cattle industry.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the physiological and biochemical responses of cattle from different regions under cold and heat stress.Additionally,the molecular mechanisms and regulatory genes associated with cold and heat stress were investigated,and practical approaches to mitigate these stressors,such as altering feeding habits and molecular breeding grounded in genome-wide association studies(GWAS),were deliberated and suggested within the beef cattle sector.The review provided the theoretical basis for a better understanding of the mechanisms of cold and heat stress in the beef cattle industry,which could be used in breeding programs to improve production efficiency under cold and heat stress in China.

关 键 词：冷热应激 肉牛 生理生化指标 调控基因 分子机制 

分 类 号：S823.92[农业科学—畜牧学]