自然人非法采挖交易太行山奇石的法律困境与出路  

The Legal Dilemma and Outlet of Natural Person's Illegal Mining and Trading of Taihang Mountains Rare Stones

作　　者：王钰涵 柯阳友[1] WANG Yuhan;KE Yangyou(Law School,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学法学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《保定学院学报》2024年第2期32-41,共10页Journal of Baoding University

摘　　要：太行山脉是华北地区重要的自然资源,因地质构造等因素形成的太行山奇石,受到市场追捧。按照奇石产出来源分为采挖型与捡拾型,行为人对于采挖型奇石的获取通常是使用大型机械开采山体,严重破坏了地质结构,损害了矿产资源与生态环境,具有非法性。行为人通过网络平台传播采挖与售卖视频,具有法律风险。实践中,采挖行为的行政违法性认定困难,且采挖与交易证据难以固定,在不构成非法采矿罪的情形下,应引入公益诉讼救济路径。行政机关应对符合条件的及时提起生态环境损害赔偿诉讼。检察机关应优先提起行政公益诉讼,将民事公益诉讼作为补充救济,并积极推动地方人大进行相关立法,从而有效保护太行山脉的生态环境与矿产资源。The Taihang Mountains are an important natural resource in North China,and due to geological structures and other factors,they have formed Taihang Mountains rare stones,which are highly sought after by the market.Distinguishing the sources of rare stones into mining and picking types,and using large-scale machinery to mine mountains for the acquisition of mining rare stones by the perpetrator seriously damages the geological structure,mineral resources,and ecological environment,which is illegal.The perpetrator's dissemination of mining and selling videos through online platforms carries legal risks.In practice,it is difficult to determine the administrative illegality of mining activities,and the evidence of mining and trading is difficult to fix.In the case where it does not constitute the crime of illegal mining,a public interest litigation relief path should be introduced.Administrative agencies should strengthen their duties and promptly file ecological environment damage compensation lawsuits against those who meet the conditions.The procuratorial organs should prioritize filing administrative public interest litigation,use civil public interest litigation as supplementary relief,and actively promote local People's Congress to enact relevant legislation,in order to effectively protect the ecological environment and mineral resources of the Taihang Mountains.

关 键 词：太行山脉 太行奇石 非法采挖 网络监管 公益诉讼 生态环境损害赔偿诉讼 

分 类 号：D922.62[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]