矿山地下水三维空间流场模型构建及应用  

Construction and Application of Three Dimensional Spatial Flow Field Model of Mine Groundwater

作　　者：李贵仁 刘大金 赵珍 折书群 LI Guiren;LIU Dajin;ZHAO Zhen;SHE Shuqun(North China Engineering Investigation Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China;Technical Innovation Center for Underground Water Disaster Prevention Engineering in Metal Mines,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China;School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China;Technological Innovation Center for Mine Groundwater Safety of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]华北有色工程勘察院有限公司,河北石家庄050021 [2]自然资源部金属矿山地下水灾害防治工程技术创新中心,河北石家庄050021 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]河北省矿山地下水安全技术创新中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第3期152-158,共7页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：在以往的矿区水文地质勘探工作中,鉴于矿山开采深度一般较浅,同时为了简化计算,大多将地下水的运动纳入二维平面流范畴。随着矿产资源开发规模、开采强度及开采深度的不断增大,地下水垂向运动特征越发显著,尤其是在大降深条件下,地下水流场呈现出典型的三维空间流场特征,若忽略地下水的垂向运动,将地下水流系统三维模型简化为二维模型,将使模型偏差较大,导致矿坑涌水量预测结果严重失真,因此,地下水运动的垂向速度分量不可忽略。在开展矿山地下水三维空间观测系统建设研究的基础上,构建了矿山地下水三维空间流场模型,提出了“海绵体”型、“蘑菇”型地下水系统理论,明确了地下水系统的运动规律、特点及防治水的关键技术,相关技术体系原理、技术方法对同类型矿山尤其是深部开采矿山水文地质勘探及防治水工作起到了积极的指导作用。通过在北洺河铁矿、司家营铁矿进行实践应用,深化了对矿区水文地质条件的认识,大幅度提高了矿坑涌水量的预测精度,提出了适合矿山的防治水措施,保证了采矿安全。In the past period of hydrogeological exploration work in mining areas,in view of the shallow mining depth,and in order to simplify the calculation,most of the groundwater movements were included in the two-dimensional plane flow category.With the continuous increase of the development scale,mining intensity and mining depth of mineral resources,the vertical movement characteristics of groundwater become more and more significant,especially under the condition of large drawdown,the groundwater flow field presents typical three-dimensional spatial flow field characteristics.If the vertical movement of groundwater is ignored and the three-dimensional model of groundwater flow system is simplified to a twodimensional model,the model deviation will be large,resulting in serious distortion of the prediction results of mine water inflow.Therefore,The vertical velocity component of groundwater movement cannot be ignored.On the basis of conducting research on the construction of a three-dimensional spatial observation system for mine groundwater,a three-dimensional flow field model was constructed for mine groundwater,the theories of“sponge”and“mushroom”types groundwater systems were proposed,and the movement laws,characteristics,key technologies for water prevention and control as well as the principles of relevant technical systems were clarified.The technical methods play apositive guiding role in hydrogeological exploration and water prevention and control work in mines of the same type,especially in deep mining.Through practical application in Beiminghe Iron Mine and Sijiaying Iron Mine,the understanding of the hydrogeological conditions in the mining area was deepened,the prediction accuracy of mine pit water inflow was greatly improved,and suitable water prevention measures for the mine were proposed to ensure mining safety.

关 键 词：地下水系统 三维空间流场 矿坑涌水量 矿山防治水 

分 类 号：TD12[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] P641.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]