大国领导力塑造与中美国际公共产品供给路径分析  

Analysis of Great Power Leadership Shaping and the Path of International Public Goods Provision between China and the United States

作　　者：曹德军 CAO De-jun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《东北亚论坛》2024年第2期63-78,128,共17页Northeast Asia Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA135)。

摘　　要：国际公共产品供给并非简单的经济学问题,而是涉及合法性竞争的政治学问题。在全球治理格局转换的历史阶段,服务全球公益是潜在领导国主动展示良性意图、获得国际支持、赢取战略机会、增强全球影响力的根本性手段。领导者与追随者之间的互惠交换、关系契约与利益贡献程度塑造着领导力的合法性基础。二战结束后,美国依靠多边国际机制、全球军事联盟与自由贸易网络支撑起美式领导力。但冷战后新兴大国逐渐承担治理责任,而美国则在所谓“单极时刻”开始放松自我克制,基于蛮力强制追求全球利益,导致其国际领导力合法性基础受损。在百年未有之大变局时代背景下,中国基于“一带一路”倡议与亚投行平台供给新型国际公共产品,从互惠交换、关系契约与利益贡献方面夯实合法性基础。International public goods supply is not a simple economic issue,but a political science issue involving legitimacy competition.At the historical stage of the transformation of the global governance pattern,serving the global public good is a fundamental way for potential leading countries to proactively demonstrate benign intentions,gain international support,win strategic opportunities,and enhance global influence.The degree of reciprocal exchange,relational contract,and benefit contribution between leaders and followers shapes the legitimacy foundation of leadership.After the end of World War II,the United States relied on multilateral international mechanisms,global military alliances,and free trade networks to support American-style leadership.However,after the Cold War,the emerging powers gradually assumed the responsibility for governance,while the United States began to relax its self-restraint in the so-called"unipolar moment"and pursued global interests based on brute force coercion,resulting in the erosion of the legitimacy basis of its global leadership.In the context of the"Great Change Unseen in a Hundred Years",China is supplying a new type of international public goods based on the Belt and Road Initiative and the ADB platform to strengthen the legitimacy foundation in terms of reciprocal exchanges,relational contracts,and benefit contributions.

关 键 词：国际公共产品 政治领导力 关系契约 合法性机制 中美战略竞争 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]