双定刀滑切防缠式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机设计与试验  

Optimal Design and Experiment of Double Fixed Knife Slip-cutting and Anti-tangle Banana Straw Crushing and Returning Machine

作　　者：张喜瑞[1] 杨幼铭 刘宏新 刘俊孝 张志富 曹硕 ZHANG Xirui;YANG Youming;LIU Hongxin;LIU Junxiao;ZHANG Zhifu;CAO Shuo(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Suqian University,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学机电工程学院,海口570228 [2]宿迁学院机电工程学院,宿迁223800

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2024年第2期36-49,共14页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52075137、51965015);海南省重点研发计划项目(SQ2022XDNY0150);海南省院士创新平台项目(HD-YSZX-202005、HD-YSZX-202101);黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(2020ZX17B01-2)。

摘　　要：针对我国香蕉秸秆粉碎还田作业过程中香蕉秸秆粉碎质量差,秸秆缠绕堵塞等问题,设计了一种双定刀滑切防缠式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机。基于滑切定理,解析了粉碎刀随轴转动过程中的动态滑切角和粉碎定刀滑切角的相对作用原理,以等速螺线设计L形粉碎定刀刀刃曲线,确定了粉碎刀结构参数;对香蕉秸秆缠绕粉碎刀辊进行受力分析,设计防缠绕板并确定装配数量与结构参数;以装置前进速度、粉碎刀辊转速、防缠绕板高度为试验因素,以香蕉秸秆粉碎合格率、抛撒不均匀度和香蕉秸秆缠绕数量为评价指标进行三因素三水平正交试验,建立因素与指标的响应面数学模型。试验结果表明,最优参数组合为作业机前进速度1.5 m/s、防缠绕板高度41.6 mm、粉碎刀辊转速1800 r/min,此时香蕉秸秆粉碎合格率为93.8%,香蕉秸秆缠绕数量为26,香蕉秸秆抛撒不均匀度为12.1%。以最优组合进行田间试验验证,试验结果表明双定刀滑切防缠式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机整机防缠性能优越,满足设计要求。With a large banana growing area in the tropics of China,about 35 million tons of waste straw will be produced each year,and the traditional way of dealing with banana straw is time consuming and polluting.Crushing banana straw back to the field is a green way of dealing with banana straw,and varieties of banana straw crushers have been developed in China.However,the diameter of banana straw in the mature stage can reach 250 mm,banana straw crushing and return machine in the operation of uneven crushing,banana straw fiber entanglement serious,return machine operation quality and other problems still exist.In response to the problem that banana straw is not thoroughly crushed during the operation of banana straw crushing and returning to the field in tropical areas of China,and the straw block is entangled and blocked the key parts,which affects the normal operation of the machine,a double fixed knife slip-cutting type anti-tangle banana straw crushing and returning machine was designed.Based on the slip-cutting theorem,the dynamic slip-cutting angle during the rotation of the crushing knife with the shaft and the slip-cutting angle during the crushing process of the crushing fixed knife were analyzed,the L-shaped crushing fixed knife blade curve was designed according to the equal velocity spiral,and the structural parameters of the crushing knife were determined;the anti-winding plate was designed,the force analysis of the banana straw winding crushing knife roll was performed,and the number of anti-winding plate assembly and structural parameters were determined.The anti-winding plate was designed,the force on banana straw winding crushing knife roller was analyzed,the number of anti-winding plate assembly and structural parameters were determined;the anti-winding cover was used to improve the anti-winding performance at the knife roller connection;the device forward speed,crushing knife roller speed and anti-winding plate height were taken as test factors for banana straw crushing pass rate,throwing unevenness

关 键 词：粉碎还田机 香蕉秸秆 双定刀 滑切角 防缠 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]