新疆煤层气大规模高效勘探开发关键技术领域研究进展与突破方向  

Research progress and breakthrough directions of the key technical fields for large scale and efficient exploration and development of coalbed methane in Xinjiang

作　　者：桑树勋[1,2,3] 李瑞明 刘世奇[1,2] 周效志[3,4] 韦波 韩思杰[1,2] 郑司建 皇凡生 刘统[1,2] 王月江 杨曙光 秦大鹏 周梓欣 SANG Shuxun;LI Ruiming;LIU Shiqi;ZHOU Xiaozhi;WEI Bo;HAN Sijie;ZHENG Sijian;HUANG Fansheng;LIU Tong;WANG Yuejiang;YANG Shuguang;QIN Dapeng;ZHOU Zixin(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,China;Carbon Neutrality Institute,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,China;School of Mineral Resource and Geoscience,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resource and Reservoir Formation Process,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221008,China;Xinjiang Coal Field Geology Bureau,Urumqi 830091,China;Xinjiang Yaxin Coalbed Methane Investment and Development(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830063,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [2]中国矿业大学碳中和研究院,江苏徐州221008 [3]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [4]中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221008 [5]新疆维吾尔自治区煤田地质局,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [6]新疆亚新煤层气投资开发(集团)有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2024年第1期563-585,共23页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(42030810);国家自然科学基金碳中和专项资助项目(42141012);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41972168)。

摘　　要：新疆煤层气资源量7.5万亿m^(3)(2000 m以浅),已施工煤层气井450口,年产气量达到0.8亿m^(3),新疆维吾尔自治区提出了2025年实现煤层气产量25亿m^(3)的目标,煤层气大规模高效开发成为紧迫的重大需求。从煤层气富集模式与选区技术、“甜点”预测探测技术、加速滚动开发与快速增储上产策略、地质适配性开发技术、煤层气与煤炭、油气协同开发技术5个关键技术领域,系统梳理了新疆煤层气勘探开发已取得的主要研究进展,分析提出了可能突破方向。研究表明:新疆煤储层具有多-厚煤层普遍、低阶煤发育、急倾斜煤层多见、煤体变形与构造控制显著、水文条件和露头条件复杂,和三“低”(含气量低、甲烷体积分数低、含气饱和度低)五“高”(高含气强度、高孔隙度、高地应力变化、高储层压力变化、高渗透率变化)的含气性及物性等煤层气地质独特性;煤层气成因与富集模式具有多样性,包括生物成因气、热成因气或生物-热复合成因及其相应富集模式,生物成因气藏或生物成因气贡献普遍;煤层气分布赋存规律呈现前陆盆地、山间盆地显著差异性;创新形成基于“两”分开(浅部与深部,低阶煤与中高阶煤)“两”结合(地质评价与工程评价,多元数据)的科学评价与基于“机器学习+三维地质建模”的精准选区技术是第1个突破方向。深部煤层气/煤系气“甜点”发育区域主要为盆内坳陷的凸起、盆内隆起的凹陷、盆缘斜坡,高产井位多为构造高点,发育层位为割理裂隙发育的原生结构煤层或孔裂隙发育的煤系砂砾岩储层;基于“地球物理+岩石物理+岩石力学地层新方法”和“地质甜点+工程甜点新理念”的深部煤层气/煤系气“甜点”预测探测技术是第2个突破方向。低风险、短周期、高效率、多批次工程部署是加速滚动开发的基本原则;中浅部煤层气快速增储上产�The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has presented the expected resource conditions and work foundations for a large-scale coalbed methane(CBM)exploration and development,which shows that its CBM resources below the depth of 2000 m are 7.5 trillion m^(3),450 CBM wells have been constructed,and the annual gas production has approached to 80 million m^(3).Xinjiang has put forward the goal of the annual CBM production of 2.5 billion m^(3) in 2025.Therefore,the large-scale and efficient development of CBM in Xinjiang has become an urgent and significant demand.In this paper,the main research progresses of Xinjiang CBM made in five key technical fields have been systematically summarized,including the CBM enrichment model and area optimization technology,the prediction and detection technology for sweet spot distribution,the technological strategy of the accelerated rolling development and rapid increase of reserves and productions,the geological adaptation technology system,and the cooperative exploration and development of CBM with coal,oil and gas.Then,the potential breakthrough directions have been analyzed and proposed.Research has shown that the coal reservoirs in Xinjiang show the unique geological characteristics of CBM,including widely developed multi-thick coal seams,low rank coal development,the frequent occurrence of steep coal seams,the significant deformation and structural control of coal bodies,complex hydrologic and outcrop conditions,and the gas-bearing and physical properties with three“low”(low gas content,methane concentration,and gas saturation)and five“high”(high gas intensity,porosity,stress change,reservoir pressure change,and permeability change).The Xinjiang CBM has multiple genetic types and enrichment models,including biogenic mechanism,thermogenic mechanism,and biogenic-thermogenic composite genetic mechanism,etc.,and their corresponding enrichment models.Biogenic gas reservoirs or biogenic gas contribute widely.The distribution and occurrence patterns of CBM in Xinjiang show some

关 键 词：地质独特性 成因与成藏模式 工程部署方法 地质适配性技术 协同勘探开发 新疆煤层气 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]