电渗析技术在含盐工业废水处理中的应用研究进展  

Progress of Research on the Application of Electrodialysis Technology in Treatment of Saline Industrial Wastewater

作　　者：陈涛 姜钦亮 王一雯 邓建平 桂双林[1,2] CHEN Tao;JIANG Qinliang;WANG Yiwen;DENG Jianping;GUI Shuanglin(Institute of Energy Research,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院能源研究所,南昌330096 [2]江西省碳中和研究中心,南昌330096

出　　处：《能源研究与管理》2024年第1期67-75,共9页Energy Research and Management

基　　金：江西省重点研发重点项目(20212BBG71001);江西省科学院省级科研院所基础研究和人才类经费项目(2022YYB18);江西省科学院省级财政科研项目经费包干制试点示范项目(2022YSBG22015,2023YSBG10004)。

摘　　要：为了处理含盐工业废水的高盐污染问题,电渗析技术(electrodialysis)因其独特优点成为含盐工业废水脱盐的研究重点。介绍了填充床电渗析工艺、频繁倒电极电渗析工艺、双极膜电渗析工艺3种新型电渗析工艺,阐述了近几年电渗析技术在稀土工业废水、煤化工废水、锂提取加工和锂电池回收方面的应用。结果显示,3种新型电渗析工艺表现了较好的脱盐效能和资源回收能力;同时电渗析技术适用于稀土工业废水、煤化工废水脱盐处理及水资源回收利用,也能够应用于锂提取加工和锂电池回收。现阶段,电渗析技术在脱盐成本和脱盐性能方面还存在不足,因此电渗析技术需要与其他工艺进行耦合、优化电渗析技术的系统结构和工艺参数、优化离子交换膜来作为重点研究方向。In order to address the problem of high salt pollution in industrial wastewater containing salt,electrodialysis technology has always been a research focus for desalination of industrial wastewater containing salt due to its unique advantages.Three new types of electrodialysis processes,such as electrodeionization,electrodialysis reversal and electrodialysis of bipolar membranes were introduced.Something was elaborated on the application progress of electrodialysis technology in rare earth industrial wastewater,coal chemical wastewater,lithium extraction and processing,and lithium battery recovery in recent years.At present,electrodialysis technology still has shortcomings in terms of desalination cost and desalination performance.Therefore,electrodialysis technology needs to be coupled with other processes,optimize the system structure and process parameters of electrodialysis technology,and optimize ion exchange membranes as key research directions.

关 键 词：电渗析 高盐废水 处理工艺 资源回收 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]