碳中和目标下中国天然气工业进展、挑战及对策  

Development,challenges and strategies of natural gas industry under carbon neutral target in China

作　　者：邹才能[1] 林敏捷 马锋[1] 刘翰林 杨智[1] 张国生[1] 杨依超[1] 关春晓 梁英波[1] 王影 熊波 于豪[1] 余平 ZOU Caineng;LIN Minjie;MA Feng;LIU Hanlin;YANG Zhi;ZHANG Guosheng;YANG Yichao;GUAN Chunxiao;LIANG Yingbo;WANG Ying;XIONG Bo;YU Hao;YU Ping(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute,Shenzhen 518000,China;Chongqing Shale Gas Exploration and Development Company Ltd.,Chongqing 401121,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油深圳新能源研究院,广东深圳518000 [3]重庆页岩气勘探开发有限责任公司,重庆401121

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第2期418-435,共18页Petroleum Exploration and Development

摘　　要：天然气在21世纪中叶将迈入“鼎盛期”,“天然气时代”正在到来。回顾全球天然气工业历程,梳理美国页岩革命启示,总结中国天然气发展历史与成果进展,分析天然气在能源绿色低碳转型中的地位与挑战,提出当前和未来中国天然气工业的发展对策。中国天然气工业经历了起步、增长、跨越3个发展阶段,已成为世界第4大天然气生产国与第3大消费国;天然气勘探开发理论技术取得重大成就,为储量产量规模增长提供了重要支撑。碳中和目标下,推动绿色可持续发展,天然气工业发展挑战与机遇并存。天然气低碳优势显著,“气电调峰”助力新能源发展;同时,开采难度与成本加大等问题更突出。为保障国家能源安全,实现经济社会与生态环境和谐共生,碳中和进程中,立足“统筹布局、科技创新;多能互补、多元融合;灵活高效、优化升级”,完善产供储销体系建设,加速推动天然气工业发展:①加大天然气勘探开发力度,规划部署重点勘探开发领域,突破关键理论,强化技术攻关,持续支撑增储上产;②推进天然气绿色创新发展,突破新技术,拓展新领域,融合新能源;③优化天然气供需转型升级,加大管道气、液化天然气布局和地下储气库建设,建立储备体系,提升应急调节能力和天然气一次能源消费比例,助力能源消费结构转型,实现资源利用低碳化、能源消费清洁化。In the mid-21st century,natural gas will enter its golden age,and the era of natural gas is arriving.This paper reviews the development stages of global natural gas industry and the enlightenment of American shale gas revolution,summarizes the development history and achievements of the natural gas industry in China,analyzes the status and challenges of natural gas in the green and low-carbon energy transition,and puts forward the natural gas industry development strategies under carbon neutral target in China.The natural gas industry in China has experienced three periods:start,growth,and leap forward.At present,China has become the fourth largest natural gas producer and third largest natural gas consumer in the world,and has made great achievements in natural gas exploration and development theory and technology,providing important support for the growth of production and reserves.China has set its goal of carbon neutrality to promote green and sustainable development,which brings opportunities and challenges for natural gas industry.Natural gas has significant low-carbon advantages,and gas-electric peak shaving boosts new energy development;the difficulty and cost of development are more prominent.For the national energy security and harmonious development between economy and ecology under the carbon neutral goal,based on the principle of“comprehensive planning,technological innovation,multi-energy complementarity,diversified integration,flexibility and efficiency,optimization and upgrading”,the construction of the production-supply-storage-marketing system has to be improved so as to boost the development of the natural gas industry.First,it is necessary to strengthen efforts in the exploration and development of natural gas,making projects and arrangement in key exploration and development areas,meanwhile,it is urgent to make breakthroughs in key science theories and technologies,so as to increase reserve and production.Second,it should promote green and innovative development of the natural gas by deve

关 键 词：碳中和 天然气 页岩气 致密气 煤层气(煤岩气) 新能源 能源转型 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]