飞机撞击安全壳燃油泄漏燃烧数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation study of fuel leakage and combustion inside containment triggered by aircraft impact

作　　者：王友刚 孙运轮 张君鸿 WANG Yougang;SUN Yunlun;ZHANG Junhong(China Nuclear Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中核能源科技有限公司,北京100193

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第2期530-537,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：中核集团集中研发项目(ZHJTJZYFWD2020)。

摘　　要：为研究飞机撞击核电厂安全壳后引发燃烧对安全壳的影响,采用Fluent模拟了航空煤油替代燃料在安全壳内部和外部的燃烧过程,分析了安全壳不同位置处的火焰温度变化情况。结果表明,在开始阶段,燃油泄漏时间比较短,燃油缓慢蒸发汽化,燃烧发展过程以扩散蔓延为主,高温区域主要分布在安全壳侧壁面和底面。随着时间推移,液面蒸发速度加快,火焰高度呈现纵向发展的态势,最后在顶部形成较为均匀的温度场。安全壳内部燃烧最高温度可以达到2229 K,外部燃烧最高温度为1308 K。此外,撞击位置越高,安全壳顶部会越早出现高温区域,而较低位置处由于液池的堆积缓慢,燃油蒸发速率低,温度上升相对较慢。区别于内部燃烧,外部燃烧火焰不会波及安全壳顶部中心位置。This study is to investigate the effect of combustion on the containment of nuclear power plants after aircraft impact.A physical model consistent with the actual containment dimensions was established.The fuel leakage aperture and aircraft impact height were determined through a large number of investigations.Fluent was used to simulate the combustion process of aviation kerosene alternative fuel inside and outside the containment.The flame temperature changes at different positions of the containment were analyzed.The results show that at the beginning,the fuel leakage time is relatively short.The fuel slowly vaporizes,and the combustion process is dominated by diffusion.The high-temperature area is mainly distributed on the side wall and bottom of the containment.With the passage of time,the evaporation rate of the liquid level increases.The flame height presents a longitudinal development trend and finally forms a relatively uniform temperature field at the top.The maximum combustion temperature inside the containment can reach 2229 K.When the fuel burns outside the containment,the temperature at the wall is much lower than the temperature during internal combustion.The maximum external combustion temperature is 1308 K.In addition,the higher the impact height is,the earlier the high-temperature area will appear on the top of the containment.At the lower position,due to the slow accumulation of liquid pool,the fuel evaporation rate is low,and the temperature rise is relatively slow.At the impact height of 23 m,the peak temperature is almost at a high level.Therefore,fuel combustion is the most dangerous under this working condition.With the further increase of the impact height,the peak temperature at the top and bottom of the containment shows a downward trend.For combustion outside containment,the top of containment is always in a safe state.

关 键 词：安全工程 飞机撞击 安全壳 航空煤油 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]