哈茨木霉菌剂处理对网纹甜瓜生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Trichoderma Harzianum Microbial Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of Netted Melon

作　　者：王洪旭 曲明山 杨明宇 曹跃 董楚轩 李婷[2] WANG Hongxu;QU Mingshan;YANG Mingyu;CAO Yue;DONG Chuxuan;LI Ting(College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Miyun Agricultural Service Center,Beijing 101599,China;Beijing Miyun Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 101599,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029 [3]北京市密云区农业服务中心,北京101599 [4]北京市密云区农业技术推广站,北京101599

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第2期44-49,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：北京市特色作物创新团队(BAIC04-2023)。

摘　　要：为探究哈茨木霉不同浓度对网纹甜瓜植株生长、品质以及产量等相关指标产生的影响,筛选出可用于生产的最适哈茨木霉浓度,于定植当天和授粉后7 d内各施用1次0.15 g/m^(2)和0.30 g/m^(2)的哈茨木霉,活菌数相当于0.9亿个/m^(2)和1.8亿个/m^(2),测定网纹甜瓜植株田间长势,包括叶面积、茎粗、株高,根系长势,包括根粗、根长、根系鲜质量和根系干质量,果品质量指标,包括单瓜质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果肉厚度及边部可溶性固形物含量和中心可溶性固形物含量,以及产量和商品率等指标。结果表明,施用哈茨木霉能显著提高网纹甜瓜株高、单瓜质量、果实纵径、根系鲜质量和根系干质量,提高产量及商品率,对网纹甜瓜植株及根系的生长具有一定的促进效果,并对网纹甜瓜品质及产量有一定的提升效果。其中,施用0.15 g/m^(2)哈茨木霉对网纹甜瓜植株田间长势、果品质量、产量及商品率的促进效果较好;施用0.30 g/m^(2)哈茨木霉对网纹甜瓜根系长势的促进效果较好。综合考虑,生产中网纹甜瓜施用0.15 g/m^(2)的哈茨木霉较为经济,更加符合我国目前绿色农业的总体要求,适宜推广使用。In order to explore the effects of different Trichoderma harzianum concentrations on plant growth,fruit quality,and yield of netted melon,screen the optimum concentration of T.harzianum for netted melon in agricultural production,in this study,during the netted melon planting process,concentrations of 0.15 g/m^(2)and 0.30 g/m^(2)of T.harzianum were applied once on the day of planting and within 7 days after pollination,with the number of viable fungi equivalent to 90 million/m^(2)and 180 million/m^(2).The effects of T.harzianum concentration on various aspects of netted melon were analyzed and compared by measuring the field growth of netted melon plants,including leaf area,stem diameter,plant height,root growth(root diameter,root length,root fresh weight,and root dry weight),fruit quality indicators(single melon weight,fruit vertical diameter,fruit transverse diameter,pulp thickness,edge soluble solid content,and center soluble solid content),as well as yield and commodity rate.The results indicated that the application of T.harzianum significantly increased plant height,single melon weight,fruit vertical diameter,root fresh weight,and root dry weight of netted melon,leading to increased yield and commodity rate.The experiment demonstrated that T.harzianum had a positive effect on the growth of netted melon plants and roots,as well as on the quality and yield of netted melon.Specifically,the application of 0.15 g/m^(2)of T.harzianum had a more favorable effect on the growth,fruit quality,yield,and commodity rate of netted melon plants,while the application of 0.30 g/m^(2)of T.harzianum had a better effect on the growth of netted melon roots.Considering economic cost factors,the application of 0.15 g/m^(2)concentration of T.harzianum in netted melon production was more economical,requiring less T.harzianum,aligning with China's current green agriculture requirements,and being more suitable for promotion.

关 键 词：网纹甜瓜 哈茨木霉 生长 果品质量 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]