北京市某三甲医院AECOPD发病影响因素调查的病例对照研究  

A case-control study on the influencing factors of AECOPD in a tertiary hospital in Beijing

作　　者：殷凌久子 王芳[1] 康莉 王聪 YIN Lingjiuzi;WANG Fang;KANG Li;WANG Cong(Department of Respiratory,West District of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院西区呼吸科,北京100093

出　　处：《临床肺科杂志》2024年第4期525-529,共5页Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

摘　　要：目的 调查慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)发病的影响因素,为该病的防控提供理论依据。方法 选取2021年3月至2023年3月北京市朝阳医院就诊的AECOPD和稳定期COPD患者各334例,通过问卷收集患者资料,分析AECOPD发病的影响因素。结果 病例组患者吸烟、饮酒、大专及以上学历、过去1年使用过抗生素、过敏性鼻炎史、糖尿病史、高血压史、冠心病史、新冠肺炎患病史、住所1年内新购家具、住所1年内装修、住所1年内潮湿现象、住所内饲养皮毛宠物、过去1年被动吸烟的比例均高于对照组;住所内使用空调、空气净化器、房间清洁频率(经常)比例低于对照组。AECOPD患者在春季的占比最高,其次为秋季和冬季。住所1年内潮湿现象(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.21~4.53)、住所内饲养皮毛宠物(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.72~13.52)、过敏性鼻炎史(OR=5.23,95%CI:2.25~12.19)、高血压史(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.26~3.66)、新冠肺炎患病史(OR=5.80,95%CI:2.78~15.02)是AECOPD的危险因素,住所内使用空调(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.22~0.77)、住所内使用空气净化器(OR=0.37,95%CI:0.21~0.67)、房间清洁频率(偶尔、经常)(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.13~0.87;OR=0.30,95%CI:0.13~0.73)是AECOPD的保护因素。结论 AECOPD的发病受室内潮湿、皮毛宠物的饲养、空调和空气净化器的使用、房间清洁频率、过敏性鼻炎史、高血压史及新冠肺炎等多种因素的影响。Objective To investigate the influencing factors of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD),and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods 334 AECOPD patients and 334 stable COPD patients were selected from Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023,and their data were collected through questionnaires to analyze the influencing factors of AECOPD incidence.Results The rate of smoking,drinking,college education or above,use of antibiotics in the past 1 year,history of allergic rhinitis,history of diabetes,history of hypertension,history of coronary heart disease,history of novel coronavirus pneumonia,new furniture purchase in the residence within 1 year,decoration in the residence within 1 year,damp phenomenon in the residence within 1 year,keeping fur pets in the residence,and passive smoking in the past 1 year in the case group was higher than that in the control group.The proportion of using air conditioning,air purifiers,and room cleaning frequency(frequently) in the residence was lower in the case group than that in the control group.The proportion of AECOPD patients was the highest in spring,followed by autumn and winter.Humidity within one year(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.21~4.53),fur pets(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.72~13.52),history of allergic rhinitis(OR=5.23,95%CI:2.25~12.19),history of hypertension(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.26~3.66),and history of COVID-19(OR=5.80,95%CI:2.78~15.02) were risk factors for AECOPD.Air conditioners(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.22~0.77),air purifiers(OR=0.37,95%CI:0.21~0.67),room cleaning frequency(occasional,frequent)(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.13~0.87;OR=0.30,95%CI:0.13~0.73) were protective factors for AECOPD.Conclusion The incidence of AECOPD is affected by many factors,such as indoor humidity,fur pet rearing,use of air conditioners and air purifiers,room cleaning frequency,history of allergic rhinitis,history of hypertension and COVID-19.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 急性加重期 影响因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]