樟树枝枯病病原菌生物学特性及杀菌剂室内筛选  

Biological Characteristics and Screening of Fungicides for Lasiodiplodia theobromaeAssociated with Cinnamomum camphora Twig Blight

作　　者：叶小真[1] 张龙华 陈红梅 林曦碧 李渊顺 杨晓文 陈全助[1] YE Xiaozhen;ZHANG Longhua;CHEN Hongmei;LIN Xibi;LI Yuanshun;YANG Xiaowen;CHEN Quanzhu(Jinshan College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Universi ty,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Forest Disease and Insect Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Sanm ing City,Sanming 365000,Fujian,China;Forest Bureau of Mingxi County,Mingxi 365200,Fujian,China;Fengtian State-owned Forest Farm,Fujian Province,Quanzhou 362411,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学金山学院,福建福州350002 [2]三明市林业有害生物防治检疫站,福建三明365000 [3]明溪县林业局,福建明溪365200 [4]福建省安溪丰田国有林场,福建泉362411

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2024年第1期23-32,共10页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省教育厅项目(JAT191131);福建省林业科技项目(2021FKJ05);三明市林业局项目(h211001)。

摘　　要：为了掌握樟树枝枯病病原生物学特性,筛选出林间防治有效的杀菌剂,于2020—2021年在福建农林大学森林保护研究所,以强致病力病原菌株可可毛色二孢(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)JY-6菌株为研究对象,进行病原生物学特性和杀菌药剂室内抑菌效果测定。结果表明,JY-6菌株菌丝以PDA培养基(pH 5.0)、30℃全光照恒温培养生长最快,最适碳、氮源分别为蔗糖、硝酸铵;菌株分生孢子以PDA培养基(pH 6.0~7.0)、30℃恒温培养萌发率最高,最适碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖、硝酸铵,萌发率的高低与相对湿度呈正相关,水滴中培养6 h萌发率高达92.63%,但受光照条件的影响不显著;筛选出精甲·咯菌腈、多菌灵、吡醚·甲硫灵、氟硅唑和戊唑醇等室内抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂,EC50、EC90分别介于0~0.1、0~5 mg·L^(-1)之间,尤以精甲·咯菌腈(EC50、EC90分别为0.008、0.058 mg·L^(-1))抑菌效果最佳。研究结果可为樟树枝枯病的病害野外监测和防治筛选提供参考。Cinnamomum camphora is a multipurpose native tree species resource in China,with great economic and ecological value.Twig blight was a newly found branch disease in recent years,which seriously affected the healthy and susta inable development of C.camphora plantation.For the purpose of clarify ing the biological characteristics and screening effective fungicides for field disease control experiment,biological characteristics of strain Lasiodi plodia t heobromae JY-6 and effects of fungicides were taken in the laboratory of Forest Protection Research Institute of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University in 2020—2021.The optimal conditions for mycelium growth of strain JY-6 were potato dextr ose agar(pH 5.0)cultivated at 30℃with all-day illumination,while conidium germination was optimal on potato dextrose agar medium(pH 6.0~7.0)at 30℃.The optimal carbon sources for mycelium growth and conidium germination were s accharose and glucose,respectively,while the suitable nitrogen source for both was ammonium nitrate.Conidium germination had a positively correlation with re lative humidity,but wasn’t significantly affected by illumination conditions.Fungicides such as Metalaxyl-M fludioxonil,Carbendazim,Pyrazole methionine,me triaxyl,Flusilazole and Tebuconazole that chosen,with EC 50 and EC 90 between 0~0.1 mg·L^(-1) and 0~5 mg·L^(-1) respectively,had obviou s inhibitory effect on stra in JY-6 indoor,especially Metalaxyl-M fludioxonil(EC 50=0.008 mg·L^(-1),EC 90=0.058 mg·L^(-1)).In this study,biologica l characteristic s of strain JY-6 were clarified,and fungicides with better inhibitory effect we re screening,which would lay a foundation for the monitoring,prediction and fu ngicides screening outdoor of this disease.

关 键 词：樟树 枝枯病 生物学特性 杀菌剂 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学] S792.23[农业科学—林学]