南方低山丘陵区彩叶无患子优良种源及家系选择  

Selection of Excellent Provenance and Family of Col or-leaf Sapindus mukorossi in the Southern Low Mountain and Hilly Region of China

作　　者：方宏峰 李永祥 朱琪 黄世清 张永志 姜景民[2] 邵文豪[2] FANG Hongfeng;LI Yongxiang;ZHU Qi;HUANG Shiqing;ZHANG Yongzhi;JIANG Jingmin;SHAO Wenhao(Anji Longshan Forest Farm,Huzhou 313300,Zhejiang,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Experimental center of subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Xinyu 336600,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]安吉县龙山林场,浙江湖州313300 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业科研实验中心,江西新余336600

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2024年第1期62-68,共7页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省科学技术厅(浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项子课题,2021C02070-3-3);科技部(国家科技基础资源调查专项子课题,2019FY100803-02)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜江南低山丘陵地区进行生态景观林营建及林分改造的彩叶无患子优良种源和家系,于2017年,在江西分宜县山下林场,以无患子5个种源45个家系7年生的试验林为研究对象,分析和评价不同种源和家系的生长表现和秋叶呈色效果。结果表明,无患子不同家系间树高及胸径性状差异极显著(P<0.01),枝下高性状差异显著(P<0.05);不同种源间树高、胸径、枝下高及冠幅性状均差异极显著(P<0.01),叶色性状差异显著(P<0.05)。无患子各性状广义遗传力变化范围为0.68~0.94,其中浙江遂昌种源遗传增益最大,均值为19.62%。UPGAM聚类分析表明,浙江遂昌种源的7个家系单独聚为同一个分枝,各性状表现优良。Pearson相关性分析表明,无患子树高、胸径和枝下高性状间均具有极显著相关性(P<0.001),冠幅与树高和胸径间具有极显著相关性(P<0.001);叶色性状仅与冠幅具有极显著相关性(P<0.01),与其它3个生长性状无显著相关性。无患子树高、胸径及枝下高性状在不同家系和种源间存在丰富的变异,叶色和冠幅性状变异来源主要为种源,综合选择出浙江遂昌种源的7个家系为无患子彩叶优良种源家系。The 7-year-old test forest of 45 families from 5 provenances and of Sapi ndus mukorossi at Shanxia Forest Farm in Fenyi County,Jiangxi Province was taken as there search object in 2017.The growth performance and autumn leaf color effect of va rious provenances were analysed and evaluated,it is used to screen the excellen t provenance and family of color-leaf S.mukorossi that are sui table for the construction of ecological landscape forest and stand transformation in the low mountains and hills in the south region.Variance analysis on the variation in growth and leaf color traits of the test forest containing 45 f amilie of S.mukorossi from five provenances,the mean value and coefficie nt of variation of each traits was calculated,the broad heritability and geneti c gain of provenance was estimated,the cluster analysis and correlation analysi s were performed,and the excellent color-leaf germplasm of S.mu korossi was comprehensive screened.There were extremely significant dif ferences in tree height and diameter at breast height traits among different families(P<0.01),and the traits of height to crown base were significantly diff erent among families(P<0.05).The traits of tree height,diam eter at breast height,height to crown base and crown width were significantly d ifferent among provenances(P<0.01),and leaf color trait was significantly different(P<0.05).The generalized heritability of all traits ranged from 0.68 to 0.94,and the genetic gain of Suichang,Zhe jiang provenance was the highest,with mean value 19.62%.UPGAM cluster analysi s showed that the 7 families from Suichang,Zhejiang provenance were clustered i nto the same branch with excellent performance in each trait.Pearson correlatio n analysis showed that there were extremely significant correlations(P<0.001)and height to among tree height,diameter at breast heightcrown base of S.mukorossi. There were extremely significantcorrelations between crown width and tree height or diameter at breast height (P <0.001).The leaf color traits only had extremely si

关 键 词：无患子 生长性状 叶色性状 遗传变异 种源 家系 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]