群众业余学习:全球南方的发展传播学及其替代性范式  

Mass Spare-Time Learning:Development Communication in Global South and Its Alternative Paradigm

作　　者：陈昶文 Chen Changwen

机构地区：[1]新加坡国立大学传播与新媒体系,新加坡117416

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第2期175-184,239,共11页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：中国共产党领导的群众业余学习活动是贯穿中国现代革命历程的大众化传播实践,然而在中国传播学界,对此仍未有足够深入的讨论和分析。美国传播学者罗杰斯在20世纪70年代针对中国农村医疗以及社会发展的调查报告揭示出,知识生产的全球流动方向并非只有“西学东渐”,中国社会主义建设时期的基层群众实践曾经是西方发展传播学发展过程中的重要思想资源。中国共产党领导的、以群众路线为原则的、形式灵活多样的业余学习可被看作是“参与式传播”范式的大众化传播实践。通过20世纪50年代至60年代大规模群众性业余学习实践,中国基层社会不仅扩大了识字范围,而且调整了劳动与机器的关系、重新塑造了劳动分工体系,从而使广大基层群众在政治经济和社会文化层面获得赋权,进而推动了新中国的经济建设和社会发展。在此意义上,业余学习的实践构成了社会主义建设时期大众化发展传播的社会性“基础设施”。Mass spare-time learning is a pervasive mass communicative practice deeply intertwined with Chinese revolutionary modernity,yet it remains relatively unexplored in China' s communication studies.A report by the American Scholar Everett Rogers on the Chinese health system and development communication demonstrates that global knowledge production transcends the conventional West-to-East flow.Instead,the practices of the masses in socialist China served as a substantial intellectual resource for Western scholars specializing in development and communication.This adaptable,Party-organized,mass-line-driven form of spare-time learning exemplifies mass communicative practice aligned with the " participatory communication" paradigm.Extensive spare-time learning among the masses in the 1950s and 1960s increased literacy in China's grassroots society,altering labor-machine relationships and restructuring the division of labor.Consequently,the masses found themselves economically and culturally empowered,thereby making a significant contribution to the broader landscape of economic development and social progress.In this context,spare-time learning can be regarded as the societal infrastructure underpinning the realm of development communication in socialist China.

关 键 词：传播社会史 参与式传播 社会发展 中国式现代化 群众路线 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]