基于可持续发展视角我国稀土资源贸易安全评价研究  

Evaluating the Trade Security of Rare Earth Resources in China from a Sustainable Development Perspective

作　　者：赵桂梅[1] 耿涌 魏文栋 ZHAO Gui-mei;GENG Yong;WEI Wen-dong

机构地区：[1]江苏大学财经学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院,上海200240 [3]上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期93-105,共13页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家科技重点研发计划项目“资源循环利用过程精准管理支撑技术与应用示范”(2019YFC1908501);教育部规划基金项目“高质量发展下我国资源枯竭型城市绿色转型的实现机制研究”(23YJA790106);江苏省社科应用研究精品工程重点资助项目“江苏能源安全预警及应急响应机制研究”(23SYA-006)。

摘　　要：稀土是支撑高端技术创新和新兴产业发展的关键矿产资源,已经成为大国资源竞争和国际地缘经济政治博弈的重要对象。全球稀土供应链重构进程加剧,如何评估我国稀土资源贸易安全,破解稀土贸易贫困化增长困境,促进稀土产业可持续发展,是当前亟须关注和解决的重要课题。本研究基于“压力—状态—响应”模型(Pressure-State-Response Model)构建稀土贸易安全评价指标体系,测算不同时期我国稀土资源的压力指数、状态指数、响应指数,揭示我国稀土贸易安全指数演变特征,进一步建立多元线性回归模型,识别我国稀土贸易安全的影响因素。研究发现:我国稀土资源贸易安全度在持续下降,亟需优化贸易结构,降低供应链风险;我国稀土资源贸易的驱动因素主要来源于市场需求牵引、资源禀赋优势以及产业有序供给;全球稀土产业分工格局、资源价值核算方法缺失,限制了我国稀土资源贸易可持续发展。在此基础上,提出通过健全稀土资源收储体系、建设再生稀土研发和回收网络等方式,保障战略性稀土资源供给安全;同时,整合稀土行业优势资源与优化稀土产业链及供应链,深度参与全球稀土供应链治理,为我国稀土资源开发利用与可持续发展提供决策依据。Rare earth elements are key mineral resources that support high-tech innovation and the development of emerging industries.Many countries are competing for obtaining such resources,creating several geopolitical issues.The global rare earth supply chain has been reconstructed.Under such circumstances,it is urgent to evaluate the security of China’s rare earth resource trade so that the poverty growth dilemma of the trade can be solved and the sustainable development of the industry can be achieved.This study constructs an evaluation index system for China’s rare earth trade security based on the Pressure-State-Response Model,so that the pressure index,state index and response index of China’s rare earth resources in different periods can be calculated,which help uncover the evolution characteristics of China’s rare earth trade security index.It also identifies the key impact factors infuencing China’s rare earth trade security by establishing a multiple linear regression model.The results show that the trade security of rare earth resources in China has declined,meaning that it is urgent to optimize its trade structure to reduce the supply chain risk.The driving factors of China’s rare earth trade mainly include market demand,resource endowment advantages and well-designed supply mechanism.The barriers on China’s rare earth trade mainly include labor division pattern of the industry and the accounting method which lacks consideration of resource value.Based upon these results,several policy recommendations are proposed to promote the sustainable exploitation and utilization of China’s rare earth resources,such as the strategic storage of rare earth elements,the promotion of research and development activities,the construction of rare earth resource recycling network,and international cooperation in global supply chain.

关 键 词：稀土资源 贸易安全 评价指标 多元回归模型 可持续发展 

分 类 号：F752.654.2[经济管理—国际贸易]