旅游干扰对山地草甸土壤细菌类群与多样性变化的影响  

Effects of Tourism on the Composition and Diversity ofSoil Bacteria in Mountain Meadow

作　　者：蔚恒瑞 郑伟[1,2] 汪洋 YU Heng-rui;ZHENG Wei;WANG Yang(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2023年第4期324-332,共9页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060402);国家科技基础资源调查专项第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0400-4)。

摘　　要：为研究旅游干扰对山地草甸土壤细菌类群多样性的影响,以新疆阿勒泰喀纳斯景区山地草甸为研究对象,分析了旅游干扰对土壤碳氮磷含量、微生物生物量碳氮、细菌类群组成和多样性的影响,以及土壤细菌类群组成、多样性与土壤养分的关系。结果表明,旅游干扰使监测期内土壤碳氮磷养分及化学计量比与土壤微生物生物量碳含量、土壤微生物生物量氮含量及土壤微生物生物量碳氮比减小;变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度减少,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)相对丰度增加,属水平下各菌属相对丰度有差异;门和属水平下,Ace指数、Chao指数、Shannon多样性指数均减小。旅游干扰改变了土壤细菌类群组成、多样性与土壤碳氮磷、土壤微生物生物量碳含量、土壤微生物生物量氮含量以及土壤碳氮比、土壤碳磷比、土壤氮磷比、土壤微生物生物量碳氮比的相关关系。旅游干扰改变了山地草甸生态系统土壤细菌组成,使土壤细菌多样性、土壤养分含量和生物活性下降,并重塑了土壤细菌与土壤养分、生物性质之间的内在联系。This article studies the impact of tourism disturbance on soil bacterial taxa diversity in mountain meadows.As the research subject,a mountain meadow in the Altay Kanas Scenic Area of Xinjiang was examined to determine the effects of tourism disturbance on soil carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus content,microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),bacterial community composition,and diversity,as well as the relationship between soil microbial community composition,diversity,and soil properties.The findings revealed that disturbance caused by tourism decreased soil C,N,and P nutrient and stoichiometric ratio as well as MBC,MBN,and MBC/MBN levels;Proteobacteria’s relative abundance fell whereas Firmicutes,Verrucomicrobia,and Chloroflexi’s relative abundance rose.At the genus level,there were variations,and at the phylum and genus levels,there were declines in the Ace index,Chao index,and Shannon diversity index.Tourism interference has altered the composition of soil bacterial communities and their relationship with soil C,N,P,MBC,MBN and C/N,C/P,N/P,MBC/MBN.In addition,it has also altered the soil bacterial composition of mountainous grassland ecosystems,leading to a decrease in soil bacterial diversity,nutrient content,and biological activity,and reshaping the intrinsic relationship between soil bacteria,soil nutrients,and biological properties.

关 键 词：山地草甸 土壤细菌组成与多样性 土壤生态化学计量特征 土壤微生物量 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]