GeoHash、Google S2和Uber H33种全球地理格网编码方法对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of GeoHash,Google S2 and Uber H3 as Global Geographic Grid Coding Methods

作　　者：姜博辉 周为峰[2] JIANG Bohui;ZHOU Weifeng(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2024年第2期19-28,共10页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(东海水产研究所2022ZD0402);中国水产科学研究院院级项目(2022XT0702);崂山实验室专项经费(LSKJ202201804)。

摘　　要：地理格网编码是高效管理、分析和查询海量地理空间位置数据并提供信息服务中非常重要且基础的工作。GeoHash、Google S2和Uber H3是目前商业应用上3种较常用的地理格网编码方法,该文从地理编码的基本概念及其演变过程出发,介绍当前地理编码所涉及的地理格网剖分和编码运算方法,然后从算法概况、编码方式、编码层级及其对应空间范围等方面对3种方法进行阐释,最后从正多面体选择、剖分单元、填充曲线、编码层级、邻域查询与邻域距离类型和算法应用优缺点等方面进行对比分析,以深入挖掘3种方法的应用价值和前景,可为基于地理位置大数据的研究与应用提供借鉴。Geographic grid coding is a very important and basic work in efficiently managing,analyzing and querying massive geospatial location data and providing information services.GeoHash,Google S2 and Uber H3 are three commonly used geographic grid coding methods in commercial applications.This paper starts from the basic concepts of geographic coding and its evolution process,and introduces the geographic grids involved in the current geographic coding and the current geographic grid coding methods,then explains the three geographic grid coding methods from the aspects of algorithm overview,coding mode,coding level and its corresponding spatial scope,and finally conducts a comparative analysis from the aspects of ortho-polyhedral selection,dissecting units,filling curves,coding level,neighbor query and neighbor distance type,and the advantages and disadvantages of algorithm application,so as to explore the application value and prospect of the three methods in depth,which can provide a reference for the research and application based on the geographic location of large-scale data.

关 键 词：地理格网编码 GeoHash Google S2 Uber H3 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]