生物炭剂量对土壤镉形态和细菌群落的影响  

A Novel Biochar for Soil Remediation:Effects of Its Dosage on Cd Forms and Bacterial Communities in Soil

作　　者：杨贵琼 李慧君 卫婷 黄枫城 吴炜龙 阳长洪 蔺中 甄珍[1] YANG Guiqiong;LI Huijun;WEI Ting;HUANG Fengcheng;WU Weilong;YANG Changhong;LIN Zhong;ZHEN Zhen(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学化学与环境学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第11期102-111,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977125,41907033);广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515010867,2019A1515011948,2022A1515010630)。

摘　　要：为研究不同生物炭添加量对重金属镉污染土壤的原位修复效果,该研究以甘蔗渣为原材料制备不同剂量的生物炭(1%、2%、3%),明确了重金属镉修复过程中土壤理化特征、镉形态分布和微生物群落结构的变化情况。结果表明:不同剂量生物炭处理主要通过提高土壤p H、有机质含量和阳离子交换量,促进土壤中弱酸可提取态镉、可还原态镉向残渣态转化,其中3%剂量处理的生物炭促进效果显著。实验结束时(60 d),添加生物炭的弱酸可提取态、可还原态分别下降到21.14%~29.66%、11.15%~22.12%,而添加生物炭的土壤中残渣态镉含量(38.11%~57.53%)显著高于未添加生物炭的土壤(18.55%),可氧化态镉无显著性变化。施入生物炭后土壤中微生物多样性、丰富度和均匀度均有明显的差异,不同剂量生物炭处理的Ace指数和Chao指数大小依次为Bio 2>Bio 3>Bio 1>CK;也显著提升主要优势菌未分类的酸杆菌、放线菌科、绿弯菌科、芽单胞菌科的相对丰度,Bio 1、Bio 2、Bio 3提升效果分别达15.62%、11.34%、22.98%,56.93%、56.75%、4.53%,15.32%、5.64%、23.27%,29.57%、14.49%、61.12%,其中2%剂量的生物炭处理对微生物群落影响效果最优。In this study different sorts of biochar were prepared using sugarcane bagasse as raw material with three different doses(1%,2%,3%),and then the biochars prepared were to be added to cadmium contaminated soil for the purpose of investi⁃gating in-situ heavy metal polluted soil remediation effect after the addition of biochars,highlighting the clarification of the changes regarding the soil physico-chemical characteristics,status of cadmium forms distribution,and microbial community structure during the remediation process.Findings of this study included the addition of biochar promoted the transformation of weak acid extractable and reducible of Cd(Ⅱ)into residue fraction of Cd(Ⅱ)in soil mainly by way of increasing pH of soil,organic matter content,and cation exchange capacity,and the dose of 3%,among others,showed a notable boosting effect.When the 60-day experiment came to an end,it was noted that the weak acid extractable fraction Cd(Ⅱ)decreased by 21.14%~29.66%,and reducible fraction Cd(Ⅱ)decreased by 11.15%~22.12%;on the other hand,the content of residue frac⁃tion Cd(Ⅱ)in the soil added with biochar(ranging from 38.11%to 57.53%)was significantly more than that without biochar(18.55%),but no obvious change was seen in the oxidizable fraction Cd(Ⅱ).In addition,after the application of biochar,there were significant differences in terms of microbial diversity,richness,and evenness in the soil.As for the experiment groups Bio 1,Bio 2,Bio 3 and CK(control group),after the treatment with different doses of biochar,the Ace index and Chao index could be arranged in order of decreasing magnitude:Bio 2>Bio 3>Bio 1>CK;and also remarkably increased was the relative abundance of the main dominant bacteria such as unclassified acidobacteria,Actinomycetaceae,Chloroflexaceae and Gemma⁃timonaceae:the groups Bio 1,Bio 2 and Bio 3 upgraded the relative abundance of unclassified_p_Acidobacteria by 15.62%,11.34%,22.98%,respectively;and Bio 1,Bio 2 and Bio 3 upgraded the relative abundance of Actinomycetaceae by

关 键 词：土壤 生物炭 重金属镉 形态分布 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172