新时期我国麻类产业科技创新的重点任务  

Key Tasks of Science and Technology Innovation for Bast and Leaf Fiber Crops in the New Period of China

作　　者：陈继康[1] 赵浩含 朱爱国[1] CHEN Jikang;ZHAO Haohan;ZHU Aiguo(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops,MARA,Changsha 410221,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所/农业农村部麻类生物学与加工重点实验室,湖南长沙410221

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2024年第1期60-64,共5页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家麻类产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-16)。

摘　　要：麻类作物是重要的特色经济作物,为高端纺织、食品医药、生物材料等领域提供重要工业原料,持续加强麻类产业科技创新对我国农业农村现代化建设具有重要意义。针对新时期麻类产业发展承担的新职能,文章梳理了近年来我国麻类产业技术研发重要进展,分析了麻类产业发展面临的新挑战,并结合新兴技术研发态势,提出了我国麻类产业科技创新的重点任务。研究建议:新时期我国麻类产业科技创新应进一步夯实种质资源研究,推进现代生物育种技术应用;加快抗逆丰产技术创新,在盐旱渍涝污染等边际土地中拓展种植空间;研发全产业链绿色低碳技术,促进麻类生产高产高质高效;创新加强麻类新材料创制,带动麻类产业创新发展,赋能粮食安全与重要农产品有效供给。Bast and leaf fiber crops are important characteristic cash crops and provide industrial materials for high-quality textile,food,forage,medicine and biomaterials.It is of great significance to enhancing science and technology innovation of bast and leaf fiber crops for promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.For the undertaken functions of bast and leaf fiber crops industry in the new development stage,the present study summarized the major progresses in the science and technology innovation of the crops,analyzed the new challenges faced by the development of bast and leaf fiber crops industry,and proposed the key tasks of industry technological innovation in combination with the research and development trend of emerging technologies.We suggested that modern biological breeding methods should be applied in germplasm and breeding researches;new planting spaces should be expanded for the crops in marginal land affected by salt,drought,waterlogging,contamination and others;the productivity should be improved by green transformation of the whole industrial chain;and advanced biomaterials should be innovated for increasing the added value of products and empowering food security and effective supply of important agricultural products.

关 键 词：麻类作物 绿色发展 边际土地 生物育种 生物材料 

分 类 号：S563[农业科学—作物学]