齐河县老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学特征调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly in Qihe County

作　　者：马琳 李红英 MA Lin;LI Hongying(Qihe County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qihe,Shandong Province,251100 China)

机构地区：[1]齐河县疾病预防控制中心,山东齐河251100

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2023年第23期56-59,共4页China Health Industry

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析齐河县老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)流行病学特征调查。方法2021年1月—2022年12月采用整群随机抽样法对齐河县地区65岁及以上常住居民进行肺功能检测及问卷调查,取完整资料6874份问卷展开分析。结果在完成调查的6874名中,患病人数共计738名,总发生率为10.74%。根据单因素分析发现,COPD组性别、年龄、吸烟、儿时存在呼吸道病史、体质指数、职业接触、使用污染燃料取暖、家族史和室内油烟分布情况与非COPD组对比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。将单因素中存在差异的因素纳入多因素Logistics回归分析,发现上述因素均是影响COPD患病的独立危险因素(P均<0.05)。结论在齐河县65岁及以上COPD患病率较高,疾病的发生与多种因素密切相关,临床需要加强对高危因素的筛查,及时发现危险人群,做到早期筛查和治疗,以预防COPD发生。Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)among the elderly in Qihe County.Methods From January 2021 to December 2022,the cluster ran-dom sampling method was used to conduct lung function tests and questionnaire surveys on permanent residents aged 65 and above in Qihe County.Complete data of 6874 questionnaires were collected for analysis.Results Among the 6874 people who completed the survey,a total of 738 people were sick,the overall incidence rate was 10.74%.Accord-ing to univariate analysis,it was found that gender,age,smoking,childhood respiratory history,BMI,occupational ex-posure,use of polluted fuel for heating,family history and indoor oil smoke could all induce COPD,and there was sig-nificant difference compared with non-COPD,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Factors with differences in single factors were included in multi-factor logistic regression analysis,and it was found that the above factors were independent risk factors affecting the prevalence of COPD(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of COPD is high among those aged 65 and above in Qihe County,and the occurrence of the disease is closely related to a variety of factors.Clinically,it is necessary to strengthen the screening of high-risk factors,promptly identify risk groups,and achieve early screening and treatment to prevent the occurrence of COPD.

关 键 词：齐河县 老年人 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]