球形观察窗用有机玻璃的银纹损伤:乙醇和温度协同作用  

Craze Damage of Organic Glass for Spherical Observation Windows:Synergistic Effect of Ethanol and Temperature

作　　者：魏燊 郭超 赵硕[1] 党帅营 刘艳萍[1] 李倩[1] WEI Shen;GUO Chao;ZHAO Shuo;DANG Shuaiying;LIU Yanping;LI Qian(School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;China State Shipbuilding Industry Gorp 713th Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学力学与安全工程学院,微纳成型国家级国际联合研究中心,河南郑州450001 [2]中国船舶集团第七一三研究所,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第2期91-97,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：河南省青年骨干教师资助计划(2020GGJS015);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A430043)。

摘　　要：聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂(PMMA)基于良好的综合性能得到广泛应用,但遇到极性溶剂时很容易发生溶胀,导致银纹的产生甚至出现开裂,严重降低了材料的服役寿命。本工作以某球形观察窗用有机玻璃为研究对象,深入探讨退火温度、退火时间、溶剂(乙醇)处理时间等因素对PMMA微观结构的影响,以及银纹产生与单轴拉伸、三点弯曲、压缩变形等力学性能的关系,研究发现在PMMA的玻璃化转变温度98℃附近进行退火容易出现肉眼可见的大尺度银纹。银纹对于力学强度的影响较小,但会降低材料的断裂应变。Polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)had been widely used,due to its excellent comprehensive properties.However,it was prone to swelling when encountering polar solvents,leading to crazing or even cracking,which seriously reduced the service life of PMMA.This work focused on the study of a PMMA spherical observation window,and the effects of factors,such as,annealing temperature,annealing time,and solvent(ethanol)treatment time on the microstructure of PMMA was investigated,as well as the relationship among the formation of silver lines and uniaxial tensile,three-point bending,and compressive properties.It is found that annealing near 98℃,the glass transition temperature of PMMA is prone to inducing the visible large-scale craze.The influence of craze on the mechanical strength of materials is relatively small,but it could reduce the fracture strain significantly.

关 键 词：有机玻璃 银纹损伤 乙醇 温度 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]