核聚变堆用W-ZrC和W-HfC超细晶掺杂钨材料的制备方法研究  

On the Preparation Technologies of W-ZrC and W-HfC Ultra-fine Grain Doped Tungsten Materials for Nuclear Fusion Reactors

作　　者：杨吉 魏修宇 胡晓康 傅崇伟 李志翔 袁觅文 YANG Ji;WEI Xiuyu;HU Xiaokang;FU Chongwei;LI Zhixiang;YUAN Miwen(CMT Rare Metal Advanced Materials(Hunan)Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中钨稀有金属新材料(湖南)有限公司,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《中国钨业》2023年第6期32-39,共8页China Tungsten Industry

基　　金：中国五矿集团有限公司科技专项计划项目(WKZB2112BJM501844)。

摘　　要：可控核聚变是解决人类能源问题的重要途径,其中托克马克的第一壁材料的研发是一项极具挑战性的工作。本研究旨在改进第一壁材料掺杂钨W-HfC和W-ZrC的制备工艺,以满足在高温、高密度等离子辐照和高剂量中子辐照条件下的应用。研究首先采用不同的球磨工艺和烧结工艺的组合,观察制备工艺对掺杂钨粉末团聚和合金材料的致密度的影响。通过改进球磨工艺,发现湿磨法能有效分散颗粒物的团聚,有利于提高后续合金材料的致密度和分散掺杂物。其次,烧结工艺也十分重要,较高的烧结温度能提高烧结掺杂钨的致密度,但会导致晶粒的长大;较低的烧结温度能有效地抑制晶粒的长大,但材料的致密度较低。因此,如何平衡材料致密度与晶粒度是优化制备工艺的关键。研究发现,低温烧结+热等静压的组合能制备出晶粒细小、致密度高、掺杂物分布均匀的掺杂钨材料,因此,该项研究为改进高性能掺杂钨材料的制备工艺提供了有益信息。Controlled nuclear fusion is an important way to solve energy problems,and the research and development of the first wall material in tokmak is a very challenging task.The purpose of this study is to improve the preparation process of the first wall material doped with tungsten W-HfC and W-ZrC to meet the application under the conditions of high temperature,high density plasma irradiation and high dose neutron irradiation.Firstly,the effects of preparation process on the agglomeration of doped tungsten powder and the density of alloy materials were observed by using different combinations of ball milling process and sintering process.By improving the ball milling process,it is found that the wet milling method can effectively disperse the agglomeration of particles,which is beneficial to improve the density of subsequent alloy materials and disperse dopants.Secondly,the sintering process is also very important.Higher sintering temperature can improve the density of sintered doped tungsten,but it will lead to grain growth.Lower sintering temperature can effectively inhibit grain growth,but the density of the material is low.Therefore,how to balance the density and grain size of materials is the key to optimize the preparation process.It is found that the combination of low-temperature sintering and hot isostatic pressing can prepare doped tungsten materials with fine grains,high density and uniform dopant distribution.Therefore,this study provides useful information for improving the preparation process of high-performance doped tungsten materials.

关 键 词：核聚变 掺杂钨 烧结 

分 类 号：TF841.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TL626[核科学技术—核技术及应用]