果实膨大期外源黄腐酸处理对苹果叶片光合产物合成与分配特性的影响  

Effects of exogenous fulvic acid treatments on synthesis and distribution of photoassimilates in apple leaves during fruit expanding period

作　　者：聂佩显[1] 李明丽 刘霞 张德 王来平[1] 薛晓敏[1] NIE Peixian;LI Mingli;LIU Xia;ZHANG De;WANG Laiping;XUE Xiaomin(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Shandong Key Laboratory of Fruit Biotechnology Breeding,Tai'an 271000;Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center;Forestry Protection and Development Service Center of Donggang District Rizhao City)

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东省果树生物技术育种重点实验室,泰安271000 [2]山东省农业技术推广中心 [3]日照市东港区林业保护和发展服务中心

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第2期12-17,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010802、2022TZXD008);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27)。

摘　　要：以10年生烟富3/M26/八棱海棠(Malus robusta)为试材,运用^(13)C同位素示踪技术,在果实膨大期叶面喷施浓度分别为50、100、150、200 mg/L的黄腐酸水溶液,以喷施清水为对照,研究了叶片光合参数、同化能力、光合产物的输出和自留比例及光合产物分配特性的变化。结果表明:与其他处理相比,喷施150 mg/L的黄腐酸水溶液,叶片光合性能最优,山梨醇和蔗糖含量、6-磷酸山梨醇脱氢酶(S6PDH)和蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)活性最高;同时,^(13)C示踪结果表明,喷施150 mg/L黄腐酸水溶液显著增强了叶片同化能力,提高了光合产物的输出比率,降低了叶片的自留比率,增加了果实^(13)C的积累量,提高了果实成熟期果实糖含量。综上,叶片喷施150 mg/L黄腐酸水溶液可以增强叶片的光合作用,提高叶片光合产物的合成能力,促进叶片中光合产物的输出比率,有利于果实光合产物的积累。Using 10-year-old Yanfu 3/M26/Malusrobustaas the experimental material,^(13)C isotope tracer technology was applied to foliar spray of different concentrations of fulvic acid(50 mg/L,100 mg/L,150 mg/L,200 mg/L,expressed by FA50,FA100,FA150,FA200,respectively)during the fruit expansion period,and spraying of water as the control,to study the photosynthetic parameters,assimilation capacity,photosynthetic product output and self-retention ratio,and photosynthetic product distribution characteristics in fruits and leaves.The results showed that the treatment of foliar application of 150 mg/L fulvic acid had the best performance in leaf photosynthetic performance,sorbitol and sucrose content,sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase(S6PDH)and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)activities compared with other treatments.Meanwhile,^(13)C tracing results showed that the treatment of foliar application of 150 mg/L fulvic acid significantly enhanced leaves assimilation capability,increased the proportion of photosynthetic products exported,reduced the proportion of leaves self-retention,and increased fruit ^(13)C accumulation.In conclusion,the treatment of foliar application of 150 mg/L fulvic acid on leaves enhanced photosynthesis,improved the synthesis capacity of photosynthetic products in leaves,promoted the output ratio of photosynthetic products in leaves,and facilitated the accumulation of photosynthetic products in fruits.

关 键 词：苹果 果实 黄腐酸 ~(13)C光合产物 转运 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]