一种河南石榴干腐病病原菌的鉴定及生物学特性研究  

Identification and biological characteristics analysis of one pathogen causing pomegranate dry rot in Henan

作　　者：胡月华[1] 杜保伟[1] 裴冬丽[2] HU Yuehua;DU Baowei;PEI Dongli(Shangqiu Vocational and Technical College,Henan 476000;Shangqiu Normal University)

机构地区：[1]商丘职业技术学院,河南476000 [2]商丘师范学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第2期89-95,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(222102110003)。

摘　　要：2020年10月对河南省商丘市石榴产区病害进行调查,发现大量石榴果实发生干腐病,病部组织失水干缩,呈干硬的黑褐色斑块,严重的整个果实呈干硬状态。采摘患病的石榴果实,用组织分离法进行分离并纯化得到5株病原菌菌株,其形态特征一致,选取具有代表性的纯培养菌株SQPGBD1作为试验菌株。对菌株SQPGBD1进行显微形态学、致病性鉴定和多基因(ITS、TUB2和EF1-α)系统进化分析,结果表明,石榴干腐病病原菌为葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea。采用十字交叉法分析菌株SQPGBD1生物学特性,结果表明,最适合该菌株生长的pH值为6,温度为30℃,光照条件为12 h光照12 h黑暗,最有利于该菌株生长的碳源为淀粉,氮源为硝酸钠。试验结果为石榴干腐病的综合防治提供了理论依据。In October 2020,in pomegranate disease investigation in Shangqiu Henan Province,it was found that the pomegranate fruits had a disease of dry rot.The lesions on the pomegranate were lost water and shrank,becoming dry,hard and black-brown patches.The whole fruit was dry in a serious state.The diseased pomegranate fruits were picked,separated and purified by tissue separation method to obtain 5 pathogenic strains with same morphological characteristics,and a selected strain SQPGBD1 was used as test strain.The pathogen was identification as Botryosphaeriadothidea.According to morphological characteristic,pathogenicity identification and multi-gene(ITS,TUB2 and EF1-α)phylogenetic analysis.The biological characteristics of the pathogen SQPGBD1 were determined according to the cross method.The results showed that the most suitable pH value for the strain was 6,the temperature was 30℃,and the light conditions were 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness.The most favorable carbon source condition for the growth of SQPGBD1 strain was glucose,and the nitrogen source condition was sodium nitrate.The experimental results of this study have created an theoretical basis for the comprehensive control of pomegranate dry rot.

关 键 词：石榴 干腐病 葡萄座腔菌 鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.639[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]