外源调环酸钙对苹果幼树生长发育和叶片矿质营养的影响  

Effects of exogenous prohexadione-calcium on growth and leaf mineral nutrition of young apple trees

作　　者：王钰菲 赵德英[1] 闫帅[1] 徐功勋 赵亮亮 WANG Yufei;ZHAO Deying;YAN Shuai;XU Gongxun;ZHAO Liangliang(Institute of Pomology of CAAS,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Fertilizers Efficient Utilization of Deciduous Fruit Tree,Xingcheng,Liaoning 125100)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所,农业农村部园艺作物种质资源利用重点实验室,辽宁省落叶果树矿质营养与肥料高效利用重点实验室,辽宁兴城125100

出　　处：《中国果树》2024年第3期26-33,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD007);辽宁省绥中县果业科技特派团(2023JH5/10400073);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-RIP-03);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1600503)。

摘　　要：以1年生华红/B160苹果树为试材,喷施不同浓度调环酸钙,测定秋梢生长初期新梢长势和叶部矿质元素含量的动态变化,以及第2年的成花情况,以探求外源施用调环酸钙对苹果幼树新梢生长的调控效应,筛选出适宜的调环酸钙喷施方案。结果表明:喷施调环酸钙的华红幼树秋梢生长量受到显著抑制,而新梢粗度、成花率和单株花序数提高;叶片N、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、B含量增加。通过主成分分析综合调控效益,发现外源喷施400 mg/L调环酸钙在秋梢控旺及促进树体营养吸收方面有较好的调控效果。1-year-old‘Huahong’apple trees grafted onto B160 rootstock were sprayed with different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium(Pro-Ca)to determine the dynamic changes of new shoot growth and leaf mineral element content at the beginning of autumn growth,as well as flower formation in the second year,in order to explore the regulation effect of exogenous application of Pro-Ca,and to select the suitable Pro-Ca application scheme.The results showed that the fall shoot length of the‘Huahong’apple trees was significantly suppressed,while the new shoot diameter,the rate of flower formation and the number of inflorescences were increased.Exogenous Pro-Ca could increase the accumulation of N,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,and B elements in leaves.Through principal component analysis,it was found that exogenous Pro-Ca with 400 mg/L concentration had a good regulatory effect on controlling seedling growth and promoting nutrient absorption in autumn trees.

关 键 词：调环酸钙 苹果幼树 秋梢控旺 矿质营养 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]