近距离煤层重复采动覆岩破坏规律及“两带”发育高度分析  

Analysis on failure law of overlying strata and development height of“two zones”in repeated mining of close distance coal seams

作　　者：王文才 吴周康 李龙龙 王鹏 高小雷 杨少晨 WANG Wencai;WU Zhoukang;LI Longlong;WANG Peng;GAO Xiaolei;YANG Shaochen(School of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;College of Energy Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Ordos Smart Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054 [3]鄂尔多斯市智慧能源科技有限公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《中国矿业》2024年第3期160-167,共8页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：内蒙古科技大学矿山安全与地下工程院士专家工作站建设项目资助(编号:GZ620167);内蒙古煤炭绿色开采与绿色利用协同创新中心平台建设项目资助(编号:XT320825)。

摘　　要：为研究近距离煤层重复采动下覆岩破坏规律与“两带”发育高度,预防工作面开采过程中由导水漏风通道引起的工作面顶板漏水、采空区自燃等各种安全事故,以鄂尔多斯市某煤矿为工程背景,采用井下窥视法和数值模拟对近距离煤层开采后覆岩破坏规律以及“两带”发育高度进行分析,揭示了规律形成的原因。研究结果表明:在近距离煤层重复采动影响下,“两带”发育高度远超过上煤层开采,下煤层推进80 m时裂隙带最大发育高度为88 m,与地表贯通形成导水漏风通道;初次采动与重复采动时的裂采比分别为19.33、29.33;裂隙带的发育呈台阶式上升,阶段间的变化表现为激跳形式;覆岩的破坏表现为“拱形→帽形→马鞍形→外O内蝶形”;数值模拟及拟合公式所预测的“两带”发育高度与实测值之间误差率为1%左右,验证了预测的准确性,可为相似工作面的开采以及相似工程提供借鉴。In order to study the failure law of overlying strata and the development height of“two zones”in repeated mining of close distance coal seams,various safety accidents such as roof leakage and spontaneous combustion in goaf caused by water and air leakage channels in the mining process of working face are prevented.Taking a coal mine in Ordos City as the engineering background,the underground peeping method and numerical simulation are used to analyze the development height of“two zones”and the failure law of overlying strata after close distance coal seam mining,and the reasons for the formation of the law are revealed.The results show that under the influence of repeated mining in close distance coal seams,the development height of“two zones”is much higher than that of upper coal seam mining.When the lower coal seam advances 80 m,the maximum development height of the fracture zone is 88 m,which is connected with the surface to form a water and air leakage channel.The ratio of initial mining and repeated mining is 19.33 and 29.33 respectively.The development of the fracture zone rises step by step,and the change between stages is in the form of jump.The failure of overburden rock is“arch shape→cap shape→saddle shape→outer O inner butterfly shape”;the error rate between the development height of the“two zones”predicted by the numerical simulation and the fitting formula and the measured value is about 1%,which verifies the accuracy of the prediction and can provide reference for the mining of similar working faces and similar projects.

关 键 词：近距离煤层 岩移规律 “两带”发育高度 井下窥视 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]