大规模定制家具加工中心多钻头并行作业的优化  

Research on multiple drill bits parallel machining optimization for mass customization furniture CNC center

作　　者：欧阳周洲 吴义强[1,3,4] 陶涛 蔡丰[2] 王迅 OUYANG Zhouzhou;WU Yiqiang;TAO Tao;CAI Feng;WANG Xun(Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Oppein Home Group INC.,Guangzhou 510475,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Processing Technology of Agricultural,Forestry and Biomass,Changsha 410004,China;Provincial and Ministerial Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient Utilization of Wood and Bamboo Resources,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004 [2]欧派家居集团股份有限公司,广州510475 [3]农林生物质绿色加工技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,长沙410004 [4]木竹资源高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,长沙410004

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2024年第2期175-183,共9页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2201500);中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XY-32)。

摘　　要：大规模定制家具超高的生产效率与高度个性化的产品两大特征决定了其需要依赖高水平的信息化与自动化组织生产,是家具制造业智能制造的前沿领域。运用数控加工中心开展钻孔作业是调和个性化产品制造过程中的矛盾、实现柔性生产的重要手段。当前,数控钻孔工序因其作业时间长且板件之间差异较大而往往成为制造过程中的瓶颈。为切实提高生产效率,本研究立足生产实际,从钻头与孔的位置关系中寻求突破口,提出了数控加工中心多钻头并行作业优化问题。以优化钻头排列为主要途径,减少下钻次数为核心目标,基于制造大数据与工艺规则挖掘信息并简化建模,采用差分进化算法求解钻头排列方案,进一步通过聚类算法探索出面向未来高自动化水平下的差异化钻头排列,形成了一套具有实际意义与普适性的优化方法。通过理论与实践验证了该方法的有效性,达到了缩减作业时间、提升加工效率的目的。对打通大规模定制家具制造瓶颈、推动定制家具智能制造具有一定的指导意义。Mass customization furniture presents two major characteristics,i.e.,high production efficiency and highly personalized products,which necessitate a strong reliance on advanced informatization and automation for organizing production.As a result,mass customization furniture manufacturing stands at the forefront of intelligent manufacturing in the furniture manufacturing industry.The use of computer numerical control(CNC)machining centers for drilling operations is an important means to reconcile the contradictions in the manufacturing process of personalized products and achieve flexible production.Currently,the CNC drilling process often becomes a bottleneck in the manufacturing process due to its long operation time and significant differences between parts.In order to effectively improve production efficiency,this study was based on production practice and worked toward a breakthrough in the position relationship between drill bits and holes,proposing the optimization problem of multi-drill bit parallel drilling in CNC machining centers.By optimizing drill bit arrangement as the main approach and reducing drilling times as the core goal,based on manufacturing big data and process rules to mine information and simplify modeling,Differential Evolution(DE)algorithm was used to solve the drill bit arrangement scheme.Furthermore,Clustering algorithm was used to explore the differentiated drill bit arrangement for future high automation levels,forming a set of practical and universal optimization methods.Theoretical verification showed that,under single machine operation conditions,the average number of front and back drilling was reduced by 17.06%and 4.85%,respectively.The average operation time of a single part was reduced by 3.47 s,13.27%,and the efficiency was improved by 10.16%.Under multi-machine parallel operation conditions,the average number of front and back drilling was further reduced by 11.62%and 6.12%,respectively,which was 26.70%and 10.68%lower than the current actual situation.The average operation t

关 键 词：大规模定制家具 数控钻孔 多钻头并行加工 差分进化算法 家具制造 智能制造 

分 类 号：TS68[轻工技术与工程]