全国甘蔗杂交制种基地土壤养分状况评价  

Evaluation of Soil Nutrient Characteristics in National Sugarcane Hybrid Seed Production Base

作　　者：杨欣妍 刘壮 沈大春 和锐敏 林明江 常海龙 卢颖林 YANG Xinyan;LIU Zhuang;SHEN Dachun;HE Ruimin;LIN Mingjiang;CHANG Hailong;LU Yinglin(Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry,Guangdong Academy of Sciences/Guangdong Province Pesticide-fertilizer Technology Research Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510316)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院南繁种业研究所/广东省药肥工程技术研究中心,广东广州510316

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2024年第1期14-20,共7页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111530002);国家糖料产业技术体系项目(CARS-170306);广东省甘蔗剑麻创新团队项目(2023KJ104-06)。

摘　　要：综合分析土壤养分含量,对甘蔗精准施肥及地力提升具有重要作用。2022年2月在广东省科学院南繁种业研究所全国甘蔗杂交制种基地共采集10份样品进行土壤养分测定分析。结果表明:①基地土壤pH均值为6.06,处于弱酸水平;有机质和全氮含量均值分别为19.39、0.95 g/kg,总体处于缺乏水平;总磷含量均值为0.8g/kg,处于适中水平;有效磷和全钾均值分别为28.29、30.6mg/kg,总体处于丰富水平;碱解氮和速效钾变异系数较大,空间分布不均匀,总体处于丰富水平;②重金属砷、镉、铜、铅、汞、镍、锌含量均未超过风险筛选值;③土壤pH值与全氮、碱解氮、总磷、有效磷、钙呈显著正相关关系,与钼呈显著负相关关系;有机质与全氮、碱解氮、总磷、有效磷、钙呈显著正相关性;全氮与碱解氮、总磷、有效磷、钙呈显著正相关性;碱解氮与有效磷、速效钾、钙呈显著正相关;有效磷与速效钾、钙呈显著正相关性。综上,建议基地注重土壤酸化治理,适当增施有机肥,合理施用氮磷钾肥及矿质元素肥,进一步提高甘蔗产量和质量。Comprehensive analysis of sugarcane soil nutrient content plays an important role in precise fertilization and soil fertility improvement of sugarcane.In February 2022,10 samples were collected at Sugarcane Hybrid Seed Production Base of the Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry,Guangdong Academy of Sciences for soil nutrient determination and analysis.The result showed:①The average pH value of the soil in the study area was 6.06,which was at a weak acid level.The average contents of organic matter and total nitrogen were 19.39 and 0.95 g/kg,which were at a lack level.The average total phosphorus content was 0.8 g/kg,which was at a moderate level.The available contents of phosphorus and total potassium were 28.29 and 30.6 mg/kg,which were at a high level.The variation coefficient of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available potassium was large,the spatial distribution was uneven,and it was at a high level;②The contents of heavy metals arsenic,cadmium,copper,lead,mercury,nickel,and zinc did not exceed the risk screening value;③Soil pH was positively correlated with total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,and calcium,and negatively correlated with molybdenum.Organic matter was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and calcium.Total nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and calcium.There was a significant positive correlation between alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and available phosphorus,available potassium and calcium.Available phosphorus was significantly positively correlated with available potassium and calcium.In summary,it is suggested that Sugarcane Hybrid Seed Production Base should pay attention to soil acidification control,appropriately increase organic fertilizer,and rationally apply nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer and mineral element fertilizer to further improve the yield and quality o

关 键 词：甘蔗 土壤养分 植株养分 相关性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]