中东和东南大西洋渔业资源可持续利用灰色关联评价  

Evaluation of sustainable utilization of fishery resources in the Eastern Central Atlantic and Southeast Atlantic based on grey correlation analysis

作　　者：张忠[1,2,3,4] 余为 陈新军[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Zhong;YU Wei;CHEN Xinjun(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2024年第1期63-71,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901404);上海市科技创新行动计划(19DZ1207502)。

摘　　要：为了解中东大西洋和东南大西洋渔业资源利用状况,根据FAO提供的1980—2019年两海域渔获量数据,采用灰色关联法,评价其渔业资源可持续利用水平。研究表明,1980—2019年,中东大西洋和东南大西洋渔获量总体呈相反的变化趋势,其中中东大西洋渔获量波动增长,而东南大西洋渔获量平稳下降,且前者累计渔获量是后者的2.2倍。中上层鱼类是最主要渔获种类,底层鱼类次之。其中,中上层鱼类渔获量分别占各海域的72.03%和67.31%,两个渔区总渔获量排名前二十鱼种均以中上层鱼类为主。灰色关联分析结果显示,1980—2019年,中东大西洋和东南大西洋的基于七大类别灰色关联度和渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联度值均大于0.7,属于高强度开发及以上状态。中东大西洋渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联值在2010年前后出现了大于0.9的年份,说明该海域正接近或正处于充分开发状态。东南大西洋基于七大类别灰色关联度和渔获量排名前二十鱼种的灰色关联度值大于0.9出现在多个年份,但主要出现在20世纪80年代和90年代,说明该海域渔业资源早期就接近于充分开发状态。中东大西洋海洋渔业资源开发正达到极限,其渔获量进一步增长的空间非常有限;东南大西洋海域渔业资源经过充分开发和严格管理之后,呈好转趋势,但仍处在高强度开发状态,未来其渔获量增长有限。研究结果可为中东大西洋和东南大西洋海域渔业资源的科学管理和开发利用提供参考。The Eastern Central Atlantic and Southeast Atlantic are rich in fishery resources.Evaluating the status of the sustainable utilization of fishery resources is beneficial to achieving the sustainable development and exploitation of fishery resources.Based on catch data obtained from FAO in the Eastern Central Atlantic and Southeast Atlantic from 1980 to 2019,the grey correlation method was used to evaluate the sustainable utilization level of fishery resources in these areas.The results showed that from 1980 to 2019,an opposite trend was presented in catches of the Eastern Central Atlantic and the Southeast Atlantic.The catch in the Eastern Central Atlantic showed an increasing trend with fluctuations,while the catch in the Southeast Atlantic presented a steady declining trend,and the cumulative catch in the former was 2.2 times that of the latter.Pelagic fish species were the most important targeted species in these fishing areas,followed by demersal fish species.The catches of pelagic fish species accounted for 72.03%and 67.31%of the total catches,respectively.The top 20 fish species in the two fishing areas were pelagic fish species.The top 5 fish species in the Eastern Central Atlantic were Sardina pilchardus,Trachurs sp.,Sardinella aurita,Sardinellas nei and Scomber colias;but in the Southeast Atlantic,the top 5 fish species were Trachurus capensis,Merluccius capensis,Engraulis capensis,Sardinops sp.and Sardinellas sp..The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the grey correlation degrees based on seven categories and top 20 fish species of the Eastern Central Atlantic and the Southeast Atlantic were above 0.7,belonging to the state of high-intensity exploitation or above.In the Eastern Central Atlantic,the grey correlation degree based on seven categories were all in the range of 0.7-0.9,and the average was 0.80.The grey correlation degree based on top 20 fish species was higher than 0.9 around 2010,and the average was 0.80.The grey correlation degree based on seven categories and top 20 fish spec

关 键 词：中东大西洋 东南大西洋 渔业资源 可持续利用 灰色关联 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]