越南2023年回顾与2024年展望  

A Retrospect of 2023 and Looking Ahead to 2024in Vietnam

作　　者：聂慧慧[1] Nie Huihui(China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations,Beijing,100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院东南亚和大洋洲研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《东南亚纵横》2024年第2期79-91,共13页Crossroads：Southeast Asian Studies

摘　　要：政治方面,2023年越南政治上妥善应对高层政局变动,选举产生新一任国家主席和两位副总理。对党、政、国会各级官员开展信任测评工作,以总结过去的工作成效、为下一步官员选任工作提供依据。成立五个工作小组、启动越共十四大筹备工作。经济方面,着力克服工业领域增速严重放缓、服务业增速未达预期、国际需求疲软导致进出口双下降等困难,有效维护宏观经济稳定、吸引外资额创历史新高,全年经济增速为5.05%,未能达成国会提出的增长目标,也成为2011年后经济增速第三低的年度。外交方面,越南走出大量外交官受纪律处分的阴霾,分别与中国建成具有战略意义的命运共同体,与美国、日本建成全面战略伙伴关系,取得诸多“具有历史性的成就”。展望2024年,越南将启动党政换届工作,总结施政经验、讨论未来发展方向。外交上继续深化伙伴关系,谋求在多边组织中发挥更大作用。在出口和消费均有望增长的情况下,2024年越南经济增速有望提升,但外资流入可能放缓,越南基础设施建设薄弱等固有桎梏仍待克服。In 2023,Vietnamresponded well to top-level political changes by electing a new President and two Deputy Prime Ministers;carrying out a series of vote of confidence of officials at all levels of the Party,Government and National Assembly to summarize the effectiveness of the past work and provide a basis for the next selection of officials;and setting up five working groups to start preparations for the 14th Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam(CPV).Vietnam's economy overcame difficulties such as a serious slowdown in the industrial sector,the service sector's growth rate falling short of expectations,and a double decline in imports and exports due to weak international demand,effectively maintaining macroeconomic stability and attracting a record-high level of foreign direct investment(FDI).Vietnam's annual economic growth rate was 5.05%,failing to reach the growth target proposed by the National Assembly and making it the third-lowest annual economic growth rate since 2011.Vietnam has stepped out of the shadow of disciplinary punishment of a number of diplomats,and built a China-Vietnam community with a shared future that carries strategic significance,and a comprehensive strategic partnership with the United States and Japan,respectively,achieving a lot of"historic achievements".In 2024,Vietnam will initiate the process of renewing the Party and the government,summing up the experience of governance and discussing future development,continue to deepen its partnership with countries all over the world and seek to play a more important role in multilateral organizations.With the exports and consumption both likely to grow,Vietnam's economic growth rate is hoped to increase in 2024,but FDI inflows are likely to slow down,and Vietnam's inherent shackles such as weak infrastructure development need to be overcome.

关 键 词：越南 信任测评 干部选任 经济放缓 中越命运共同体 

分 类 号：D733.3[政治法律—政治学] F133.3[政治法律—中外政治制度]