农牧交错区不同撂荒年限对农田土壤的影响  

Effects of Different Years of Abandonment on Cropland Soil in the Agro-pastoral Ecotone

作　　者：黄晶[1] 刘克思[1,2] 豆鹏鹏 高茜 刘程 苗正洲 任卓然 王堃 HUANG Jing;LIU Ke-si;DOU Peng-peng;GAO Qian;LIU Cheng;MIAO Zheng-zhou;REN Zhuo-ran;WANG Kun(School of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Haidian,Beijing 100193,China;National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Grassland Ecosystem in Guyuan,Guyuan,Hebei Province 076550,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]河北沽源草地生态系统国家野外科学观测站,河北沽源076550

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第3期677-683,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：2022生态地面多样性监测项目(202205512010543)资助。

摘　　要：为研究撂荒年限对农田土壤的影响,本试验于8月植物生长旺季进行,选取未撂荒农田(CK)、撂荒7年(7a)、15年(15a)和30年(30a)的农田采集土壤样品,室内计算分析土壤理化特征的变化规律,结果表明,撂荒显著提高了土壤容重,降低了土壤孔隙度和土壤pH。与未撂荒地对比,撂荒显著提高了土壤有机碳(Soil organic carbon,SOC)、全氮(Soil total nitrogen,TN)和全磷(Soil total phosphorus,TP)的含量。因此,长期撂荒对土壤养分状况具有显著改善作用。不同撂荒年限土壤含水量与土壤养分指标均呈显著正相关,长期撂荒下更少的蒸散耗水量减少了土壤水分的损失,使土壤养分得到了积累。本研究可为坝上农牧交错带撂荒地的合理规划提供理论支撑。In order to investigate the effects of abandonment years on cropland soil,a field survey was conducted in August,the peak season of plant growth.Soil samples were collected from unabandoned cropland(CK)and croplands with different abandoned years(7 years,7a;15 years,15a;30 years,30a).Soil physicochemical properties,soil moisture and nutrients were analyzed and calculated.The results showed that abandonment had a significant improvement on soil bulk density,and significantly decreased soil porosity and pH.Compared with unabandoned cropland,abandonment significantly elevated the contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP).Consequently,long-term abandonment had a significant improvement effect on soil nutrient status.Soil water content and soil nutrient indicators exhibited a significant positive correlation at different abandoned years.The results showed that less evapotranspiration reduced soil water loss and accumulated soil nutrients under long-term abandonment.Further,there were significant positive correlations between soil water content and at least one variable related to soil nutrients.Therefore,long-term abandonment had positive effects on soil nutrients content,which might be due to the fact that less evapotranspiration reduced the loss of soil water content,and further promoted the accumulation of soil nutrients.This study can provide theoretical support for rational planning of abandoned cropland in the agro-pastoral ecotone in Bashang of Hebei Province.

关 键 词：农牧交错带 农田 撂荒年限 土壤水分 土壤理化性质 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]