原子级制造的关键基础科学问题  

Key Basic Scientific Issues in Atomic Level Manufacturing

作　　者：雒建斌[1] 郭东明[2] 杨华勇[3] 叶鑫 钱林茂[5] 居冰峰[3] 姜澜[6] 邵金友[7] 张振宇[2] 陈磊 陈远流[3] 胡洁[6] 李祥明[7] 冯俊元 韩伟娜 谭新峰 解国新[1] 赖一楠[4] 苗鸿雁[4] 王岐东[4] Jianbin Luo;Dongming Guo;Huayong Yang;Xin Ye;Linmao Qian;Bingfeng Ju;Lan Jiang;Jinyou Shao;Zhenyu Zhang;Lei Chen;Yuanliu Chen;Jie Hu;Xiangming Li;Junyuan Feng;Weina Han;Xinfeng Tan;Guoxin Xie;Yinan Lai;Hongyan Miao;Qidong Wang(State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024;State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058;Department of Engineering and Materials Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China,Beijing 100085;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031;School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049)

机构地区：[1]清华大学高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室,北京100084 [2]大连理工大学高性能精密制造全国重点实验室,大连116024 [3]浙江大学流体动力基础件与机电系统全国重点实验室,杭州310027 [4]国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部,北京100085 [5]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031 [6]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [7]西安交通大学精密微纳制造技术全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2024年第1期86-98,共13页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

摘　　要：人类的制造技术逐步向原子级推进,原子作为化学反应中的最小粒子,虽然它可以分成更小的原子核、电子等,但是从制造的角度看,原子级制造可以说是人类制造的最底层技术,也是继微纳制造之后新的制造范式,可将制造精度以及产品性能推向极致水平,代表着人类对物质世界认知和制造能力发展的新阶段,是引领未来产业变革发展的战略性技术,也是保障国家安全和推动国计民生重大装备跨代升级的重要前沿方向。本文基于第330期双清论坛总结了原子级制造的研究现状、发展趋势及机遇挑战,凝练出未来5~10年原子级制造的焦点问题和亟需解决的关键科学问题,探讨了相关领域的前沿发展方向和科学基金资助战略。The manufacturing technology is gradually advancing towards the atomic level.Atoms,as the smallest particles in chemical reactions,are the smallest units of matter.Although atoms can be divided into smaller atomic nuclei,electrons,etc.,from a manufacturing perspective,atomic level manufacturing technology can be regarded as the lowest level technology of manufacturing and a new manufacturing paradigm after micro and nano manufacturing,which can push manufacturing accuracy and product performance to the extreme level.It is a supporting technology for winning the competition in the field of national strategic development,and also an important cutting-edge direction for promoting cross generational upgrading of major equipment for national security and economy.This article summarizes the research status,development trends,opportunities,and challenges of atomic level manufacturing based on the 330th Shuangqing Forum.It summarizes the focus issues and key scientific issues that need to be addressed in atomic level manufacturing in the next 5-10 years,and explores the cutting-edge development directions and science funding strategies in related fields.

关 键 词：原子级制造 原子层制造 团簇与器件制造 原子级精度制造 原子级测量与表征 学科交叉 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]