林龄和造林密度对塞罕坝华北落叶松纸浆林材性影响效应  

Study on the effect of forest age and afforestation density on the timber properties of Larix principis-rupprechtii pulpwood in Saihanba

作　　者：于嘉俐 李帆 崔靖亭[1,2] 李岩 王利东 贾忠奎 YU Jiali;LI Fan;CUI Jingting;LI Yan;WANG Lidong;JIA Zhongkui(School of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Engineering Research Center of Pinus tabuliformis of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm of Hebei,Weichang 068466,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学国家林草局油松工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [3]河北省塞罕坝机械林场,河北围场068466

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第3期75-89,共15页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870387)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究林龄和造林密度对华北落叶松纸浆林材性的影响,为塞罕坝地区定向培育华北落叶松纸浆人工林提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以3种林龄(15、20、25 a)、3种造林密度(低密度2500株·hm^(-2)、中密度3300株·hm^(-2)、高密度4400株·hm^(-2))的华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用双因素完全随机区组法研究造林密度对于林木材性的影响。【结果】1)木材基本密度仅在高密度水平下20 a(0.439 g·cm^(-3))和25 a(0.387 g·cm^(-3))林分间差异显著(P<0.05),而不同林龄水平下造林密度对其无显著影响。2)晚材率在高密度时,随着林龄的增加先显著增大后显著减小(P<0.05),与木材基本密度的变化规律相似;15 a时,低密度(19%)林分显著小于其他两个林分(P<0.05)。3)年轮宽度在15和20 a时,随着造林密度的增大显著减小,且峰值及其出现峰值的轮龄逐渐变小;而在25 a不同造林密度间无明显差异,且峰值(5.9、6.1、6.2 mm)及其出现的轮龄(7、6、8 a)都相近,认为林分可能由25 a进入生长稳定期。4)年轮宽度在不同密度水平下,随着林龄的增长,林木形成层分蘖活动逐渐减弱,细胞间间隙变小,木材材质更加致密,不断变小。5)当林龄和造林密度较小时,林木生长速度较快,纤维细胞在横向和纵向方向上迅速且均匀生长、细胞壁较厚,纤维长宽比小、壁腔比大;待林龄和林分密度逐渐增大,纤维细胞横向生长减缓、细胞壁逐渐变薄,纤维长宽比增大(56.40~77.15)、壁腔比变小(0.48~0.25)、综纤维素含量不断减小(73.18%~53.09%),说明此时纤维细胞已经充分伸长。6)酸不溶木素含量在各林分间浮动范围不大(20.98%~29.74%),随着林龄的增长略有增高。1%NaOH抽出物、苯醇抽出物和灰分含量在林龄和造林密度水平上都无明显一致的变化规律。7)单位公顷纸浆产量在各林龄水平下仅在15 a不同造林密度间差异显著,且随着造林密度的【Objective】To explore the influence of forest age and afforestation density on the timber properties of Larix principisrupprechtii pulp forests,and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the directional cultivation of L.principis-rupprechtii in the Saihanba area.【Method】Take L.principis-rupprechtii of 3 different ages(15,20,25 a)and 3 different initial planting densities(low density 2500 plants·hm^(-2),medium density 3300 plants·hm^(-2),high density 4400 plants·hm^(-2))in Saihanba as the research object to study the influence of afforestation density on forest timber properties by two-factor randomized complete block design.【Result】1)The basic density of wood was only a significant difference between 20 a(0.439 g·cm^(-3))and 25 a(0.387 g·cm^(-3))at high density levels(P<0.05),but there was no significant effect on afforestation density at different forest age levels.2)At the high density level,the latewood rate of wood first increased and then decreased with the increase of forest age(P<0.05),which was similar to the change of the basic density of wood.At 15 a,the low-density(19%)stand was significantly smaller than the other two stands(P<0.05).3)At 15 and 20 a,the annual rings width decreased significantly with the increase of afforestation density,and its peak and the age of the peak gradually decreased.At 25 a,there was no significant difference in the annual rings width between different afforestation densities,and its peak values(5.9,6.1,6.2 mm)and its occurrence(7,6,8 a)were similar,and it was considered that these standed enter the growth stability period from 25 a.4)At different density levels,with the increase of forest age,the tillering activity of the tree-forming layer gradually decreased,the intercellular space became smaller,the wood material became denser,and the annual rings width became smaller.5)When the forest age and planting density were small,the growth rate of the trees was faster,the fiber cells grew rapidly and evenly in the lateral and longitudinal directions,t

关 键 词：华北落叶松 纸浆林 造林密度 材性 林龄 

分 类 号：S791.229[农业科学—林木遗传育种]