岩溶山区运营隧道突水涌沙机制及处理措施研究  

Mechanism and Treatment Measures of Water and Sand Inrush in Operational Tunnel in Karst Area

作　　者：戴志仁[1,2] 胡瑞青 王泽宇 赵启超 DAI Zhiren;HU Ruiqing;WANG Zeyu;ZHAO Qichao(China Railway First Survey&Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi′an 710043,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory,Xi′an 710043,Shaanxi,China;Jiangsu Ocean University,School of Civil and Ocean Engineering,Lianyungang 222005,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,陕西西安710043 [2]陕西省铁道及地下交通工程实验室,陕西西安710043 [3]江苏海洋大学土木与港海工程学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《隧道建设（中英文）》2023年第S02期369-377,共9页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：陕西省2016年度科学研究与发展计划项目(2016KCT-07);中铁第一勘察设计院集团科研项目(院科19-52)。

摘　　要：为解决岩溶山区运营隧道突水涌沙难题,采用工程类比与理论分析相结合的方法,对区域地下水径流与泥沙物源进行分析,揭示岩溶山区隧道突水涌沙机制,并基于“以堵为主、限量排放”的衬砌结构设计原则,加强防排水措施。研究结果表明:1)隧道开挖阶段应确保围岩得到有效加固并形成帷幕效应,减小衬砌结构承受的水压力,兼顾水环境保护与隧道安全的双重需要;2)运营期涌水量大时可考虑设置泄水洞引排地下水,泄水洞位置应结合地下水径流来水方向、泄水洞与正线隧道的相对位置关系、泄水洞最低点与洞口位置等综合确定,并考虑重力流自然引排。Water and sand inrush in operational mountain tunnel in karst areas is common.Therefore,engineering analogy and theory analysis are employed to explore the groundwater run-off and sediment resource,revealing the sand inrush mechanism from tunnel drainage hole.A lining structure design principle,grouting sealing and limited discharge,is designed,and waterproof measures are enhanced.The research results reveal that:(1)Surrounding rocks should be effectively reinforced to form waterproof curtain,reduce the water pressure acted on lining,and guarantee the underground water environment protection and tunnel safety.(2)Drainage tunnels should be arranged when the water inflow is out of control,and the positions of the drainage tunnels can be determined based on the groundwater runoff direction,the positional relationship between drainage and operational tunnels,the lowest position of drainage tunnel,and the tunnel exit location.The gravity flow drainage method can be adopted.

关 键 词：岩溶 山区运营隧道 断层 突水涌沙 泄水洞 

分 类 号：U45[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]